The Forum of Free Enterprise was a non-political organization founded in 1956 by A.D Shroff and was established to educate public opinion in India on free enterprise and a democratic way of life. The Forum published booklets to further its objects. The following booklet titled, “Some Economic Aspects and Problems of Under-Developed Countries” was published on January 6, 1959 and was authored by Prof. P T Bauer. This booklet contains the textual form of the two lectures that Prof Bauer delivered at the Forum of Free Enterprise in Bombay about ‘Economic Progress of Underdeveloped Countries’. He discusses certain principle arguments that surround the topic of development and planning regarding under-developed nations, including the vicious cycle of poverty. He then goes on to show comprehensive development planning at the behest of a centralized government is not a very feasible policy approach. He provides case studies with statistics of countries such as Nigeria and Malaya (present day Malay peninsula, including Malaysia) to elucidate his reasoning. He also discusses the developmental paths taken by countries that are now called ‘developed’ and uses sector-wise analysis to explain various facets of their development.