{ "schema_version": 1, "pool_id": "il-eval-v1", "frozen_at": "2026-07-27T17:30:04Z", "corpus_built_from": { "dist_generated_at": "2026-07-27T17:25:54.816Z", "search_index_docs": 2588 }, "counts": { "questions": 255, "by_cell": { "A/blind/multi": 22, "A/blind/needle": 34, "A/blind/single": 37, "A/named/single": 29, "B/blind/multi": 20, "B/blind/single": 35, "B/named/single": 30, "mixed/blind/multi": 30, "none/named/abstention": 18 }, "by_tier": { "A": 122, "B": 85, "mixed": 30, "none": 18 }, "by_retrieval": { "named": 77, "blind": 178 }, "by_shape": { "single": 131, "needle": 34, "multi": 72, "abstention": 18 }, "by_reach": { "via_tools": 238, "beyond_tools": 17 } }, "questions": [ { "id": "il-0001", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Ravi Shanker Kapoor's essay 'Censorship and the Law of Inexorability,' which 1959 Mrinal Sen film did Jawaharlal Nehru's government ban for two years?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:censorship-and-the-law-of-inexorability" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:censorship-and-the-law-of-inexorability": [ "p-67e5cb" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Neel Akasher Neechey" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-67e5cb is the only place naming the specific Mrinal Sen film banned by the Nehru government for two years.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0002", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "According to Indian Liberals' profile 'Minoo Masani: From Socialism to Liberal Swatantra Party,' what was the title of the 1944 pamphlet in which Masani questioned four core assumptions of Marxism?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:minoo-masani-from-socialism-to-liberal-swatantra-party" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:minoo-masani-from-socialism-to-liberal-swatantra-party": [ "p-6035af" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Socialism Reconsidered" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-6035af names the 1944 pamphlet 'Socialism Reconsidered' as the work that tested Marxist assumptions.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0003", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In B.R. Shenoy's article 'Consumer Sovereignty Leads to Rapid Economic Development,' which Canadian-American economist's claim that planning is crucial to economic development does he counter?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:consumer-sovereignty-leads-to-rapid-economic-development" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:consumer-sovereignty-leads-to-rapid-economic-development": [ "p-0a42e3" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Galbraith" ] }, "rationale": "The opening paragraph identifies Galbraith as the economist whose pro-planning claim the article rebuts.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0004", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "At what New Delhi lecture series did Nani Palkhivala deliver 'Economic Growth with Social Justice' in 1969?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:economic-growth-with-social-justice-1969" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:economic-growth-with-social-justice-1969": [ "p-9e1a06" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Shriram Memorial Lecture" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-9e1a06 states the piece was delivered as the Shriram Memorial Lecture in New Delhi in 1969.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0005", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Minoo Masani's ThePrint essay on why the 'socialist pattern' and democracy cannot co-exist for long, which Italian theorist does he cite as having foreseen that a state acting as sole employer and landlord ceases to be democratic?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:socialism-democracy-minoo-masani" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:socialism-democracy-minoo-masani": [ "p-0df90b" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Benedetto Croce" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-0df90b credits Benedetto Croce with this 19th-century foresight about the state as sole employer and landlord.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0006", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the Indian Liberals profile 'Justice H.R. Khanna and the Art of Speaking Truth to Power,' who was appointed Chief Justice of India in his place after his dissenting opinion in the Habeas Corpus case?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:hans-raj-khanna-justice-speaking-truth-to-power" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:hans-raj-khanna-justice-speaking-truth-to-power": [ "p-db9863" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "M.H. Beg" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-db9863 names Justice M.H. Beg as the judge appointed Chief Justice over the more senior Khanna.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0007", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In B.R. Shenoy's 1977 paper on economic growth with social justice, which economist did he quote on private ownership of the means of production being the foundation of civilization?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:b-r-shenoy-on-economic-growth-with-social-justice" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:b-r-shenoy-on-economic-growth-with-social-justice": [ "p-cccef2" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Ludwig von Mises" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-cccef2 attributes this quotation on private property and civilization to Ludwig von Mises.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0008", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the Indian Liberals profile of D.R. Pendse, what did he call the one-man think tank he ran from Mumbai after retiring from the Tatas?", "expected": { "docs": [ "thinkers:d-r-pendse" ], "paragraph_ids": { "thinkers:d-r-pendse": [ "p-29e2f4" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Centre for Economic Policy Advice" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-29e2f4 names the think tank as the 'Centre for Economic Policy Advice.'", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0009", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the Indian Liberals profile of Iqbalunnisa Hussain, what is the title of her 1944 work offering a scathing critique of patriarchy within a Muslim household?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:iqbalunnisa-hussain" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:iqbalunnisa-hussain": [ "p-f98271" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Purdah and Polygamy" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-f98271 names 'Purdah and Polygamy: Life in a Muslim Household' (1944) as this critique of patriarchy.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0010", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the Indian Liberals essay on the Swatantra Party's coalition strategy, which Swatantrite analysed the 1967 state election results and proposed that opposition parties divide states among themselves rather than compete?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:the-swatantra-way-for-forging-a-formidable-coalition" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:the-swatantra-way-for-forging-a-formidable-coalition": [ "p-4551e2" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Sohrab Batlivala" ] }, "rationale": "Paragraph p-4551e2 credits Sohrab Batlivala with this observation and proposal about the 1967 results.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0011", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the Indian Liberals piece on Babytai Kamble's resolute feminism, what is the title of her groundbreaking autobiography that exposed the harsh realities faced by Dalit women?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:babytai-kambles-resolute-feminism" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:babytai-kambles-resolute-feminism": [ "p-e6d431" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "The Prisons We Broke" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph names the autobiography verbatim; it is the only checkable fact in the two short paragraphs.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0012", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In 'The Tiger Caged – Part II', the Freedom First excerpt on India's protected import regime, how many 'canalising agencies' does the piece say the government used to hold a monopoly over certain imports?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-tiger-caged-part-ii" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-tiger-caged-part-ii": [ "p-add2a6" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "16", "newsprint" ] }, "rationale": "The figure of 16 canalising agencies, alongside the list ending in newsprint, appears only in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0013", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "According to A. D. Shroff's essay 'Free Enterprise in India and Freedom', what were the 1950-51 net output values, in crores, of 'Small Enterprises' and of 'Factory Establishments', per the National Income Committee's estimates?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:free-enterprise-in-indian-and-freedom" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:free-enterprise-in-indian-and-freedom": [ "p-79e19d" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "910", "550" ] }, "rationale": "Both figures come from the same sentence contrasting Small Enterprises and Factory Establishments output in 1950-51.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0015", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In 'India, the Tiger Caged', the Freedom First excerpt from The Economist's 1991 Survey of India, what sea does the piece say the Hindu injunction forbids Indians from crossing?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:india-the-tiger-caged" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:india-the-tiger-caged": [ "p-bb34bc" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "black sea" ] }, "rationale": "The 'black sea' injunction is a specific, distinctive detail unique to this paragraph and distinct from the companion Part II piece.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0016", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "According to Indian Liberals' profile of B. R. Shenoy, in which city was he jailed for his participation in the freedom struggle?", "expected": { "docs": [ "thinkers:b-r-shenoy" ], "paragraph_ids": { "thinkers:b-r-shenoy": [ "p-72c209" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Nagpur" ] }, "rationale": "The profile states plainly that Shenoy was jailed at Nagpur during the freedom struggle.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0017", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Nani Palkhivala's 'Our Constitution Defaced and Defiled', which 1967 Supreme Court decision reversed the position the 1951 Sankari Prasad case had taken on Parliament's amending power?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:examination-of-objections-to-limitations-of-amending-power-1960" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:examination-of-objections-to-limitations-of-amending-power-1960": [ "p-b7ffcf" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Golaknath" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph names Golaknath as the 1967 decision reversing Sankari Prasad, a fact stated nowhere else in the brief.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0018", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the IL Explainer episode on Murarji Vaidya's essay on free enterprise and freedom, in what year was the essay originally written?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:il-explainer-ep-5-free-enterprise-and-freedom" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:il-explainer-ep-5-free-enterprise-and-freedom": [ "p-f21be0" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "1956" ] }, "rationale": "The transcript states outright that the discussed essay was written in 1956.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0019", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the profile of Homi Mody's shift from pro-business to pro-market liberalism, what role did Mody accept on the Swatantra Party's organising committee after Masani wrote to him in 1959?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:homi-modys-liberalism-pro-business-to-pro-market" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:homi-modys-liberalism-pro-business-to-pro-market": [ "p-35f725" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "treasurer" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph states Mody came on board as treasurer of the organising committee, a specific, checkable role.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0020", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "According to the musing 'Not a Rich People's Lobby', reproducing Rajaji's defence of the Swatantra Party, on what specific date was Rajaji's article originally published?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:not-a-rich-peoples-lobby" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:not-a-rich-peoples-lobby": [ "p-fc0bac" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "July 6, 1968" ] }, "rationale": "The introductory note gives the exact publication date of Rajaji's article, a fact stated only once in the brief.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0021", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Jayaprakash Narayan's essay 'Panchayati Raj,' what name does he suggest for a non-party, purely educative body of voters that might be formed to serve the electorate?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:panchayati-raj" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:panchayati-raj": [ "p-586927" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "All-India Voters' Association" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph names this proposed body once and only in this form; a correct answer must reproduce Narayan's own coinage.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0022", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "According to D. R. Pendse's talk on India's 'Open and Prosperous Past,' for how many years, by his account, has India been a closed and poor country compared to its long history before that?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:d-r-pendse-on-indias-open-and-prosperous-past" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:d-r-pendse-on-indias-open-and-prosperous-past": [ "p-27f2d9" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "two hundred years" ] }, "rationale": "The single transcribed paragraph repeats this duration as the core claim of the talk, so it is directly checkable.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0023", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the recorded discussion 'Deepak Lal on Grameen Bank and Microfinance Institutions,' what traditional Indian rotating-savings system does a speaker cite as a precedent, illustrating it with an example of putting in 10 rupees each round?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:deepak-lal-on-grameen-bank-and-microfinance-institutions" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:deepak-lal-on-grameen-bank-and-microfinance-institutions": [ "p-2135b8" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "chit funds" ] }, "rationale": "Both the institution's name and the illustrative figure appear only in this one exchange.", "reach": "via_tools", "repairs": [ "dropped 1 answer_must_contain string(s) already present in the question: '10 rupees'" ] }, { "id": "il-0024", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Nani Palkhivala's essay 'The Shells of Socialism,' which minister announced on 5 June 1964 that nationalisation should be the last step in any effort to control banks?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:is-socialism-outdated" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:is-socialism-outdated": [ "p-557bcc" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "T. T. Krishnamachari" ] }, "rationale": "The minister's name and the date are given together in a single paragraph, making the attribution unambiguous.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0025", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the profile of Dr Janaki Ammal, which Kerala valley did she help defend by joining protests against a proposed hydropower dam across the river Kunthipuzha?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:dr-janaki-ammal" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:dr-janaki-ammal": [ "p-c55912" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Silent Valley" ] }, "rationale": "The valley's name is stated once in the paragraph describing her environmental activism.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0026", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "'The Role of Ideas in Politics' excerpts an article by M A Venkata Rao — in which magazine was it originally published, and in what month and year?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:ideas-in-politics" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:ideas-in-politics": [ "p-3fb2d3" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Indian Libertarian Magazine", "November 1960" ] }, "rationale": "The prefatory paragraph gives both the publication and the exact month and year in one sentence.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0027", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the discussion of Tagore's Streer Potro, what is the name of the young widow whom Mrinal stands up for, who eventually takes her own life?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:il-explainer-ep-3-streer-potro-tagore" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:il-explainer-ep-3-streer-potro-tagore": [ "p-477e38" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bindu" ] }, "rationale": "The widow is named only in the second speaker's turn, so citing it proves the source was read past the opening summary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0028", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Dr Sudhir Krishnaswamy's lecture on how liberal the Indian Constitution is, which Chief Justice does he credit with a brief 'spurt' in the Supreme Court's use of liberal principles just before retiring?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:how-liberal-is-the-constitution-of-india-by-dr-sudhir-krishnaswamy" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:how-liberal-is-the-constitution-of-india-by-dr-sudhir-krishnaswamy": [ "p-994b61" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Mishra" ] }, "rationale": "The lecture names this single judge as responsible for the spurt, stated once in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0029", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the profile of Ramabai Ranade, the girls' school she founded in Pune was originally called the Poona Native Girls High School — what is it known as today?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:women-and-liberalism-life-of-ramabai-ranade" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:women-and-liberalism-life-of-ramabai-ranade": [ "p-a4b3a0" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Huzurpaga" ] }, "rationale": "The school's current name is given once, immediately after its founding is described.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0030", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Ashok Desai's essay on the 1991 reforms, which two economists does he credit with coining the term 'liberalisation episodes' for India's earlier bouts of relaxed controls?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:economic-controls-in-india-liberalisation-history" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:economic-controls-in-india-liberalisation-history": [ "p-f4d564" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bhagwati", "Srinivasan" ] }, "rationale": "Both names are given together, verbatim, as the coiners of this specific term in one paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0031", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay comparing ancient Indian ideas of kingship with Plato's philosopher-kings also draws a grim comparison to religious persecution in Europe. How many heretics does it say were burned by the authority of the Inquisition Court?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-wisdom-of-the-rulers" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-wisdom-of-the-rulers": [ "p-0346ba" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "30,000" ] }, "rationale": "The 30,000-heretic figure for the Inquisition Court appears only in this paragraph's aside on religious persecution.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0032", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An analysis of India's sales tax history says one province was the first to adopt a General Sales Tax, in 1938. Which province was it?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:jamshed-antia-views-on-sales-tax" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:jamshed-antia-views-on-sales-tax": [ "p-3ae588" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Madras" ] }, "rationale": "The opening paragraph names Madras as the first Province to adopt the General Sales Tax, in 1938.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0033", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "Which American political scientist, quoted in an essay about the tension between intellectual life and the exercise of power, wrote that a president 'cannot still the voice of truth'?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-perils-of-state-support" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-perils-of-state-support": [ "p-0184ef" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Morgenthau" ] }, "rationale": "Hans Morgenthau and this exact quotation from his 'Truth and Power' appear only in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0034", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay proposing an alternative to party-based elections points to one European country as already running a version of the idea, crediting its cantons and culture of public service. Which country is named?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:towards-party-less-democracy" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:towards-party-less-democracy": [ "p-6e027e" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Switzerland" ] }, "rationale": "Switzerland is the only country cited as an existing example of ministers chosen on merit across party lines.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0035", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An opinion piece contends that progress requires a few individuals to rise to the top so others can emulate them, and dates this idea to a particular year. What year does it cite?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:communism-assumptions-gn-lawande" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:communism-assumptions-gn-lawande": [ "p-280546" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "1958" ] }, "rationale": "The piece dates this claim about progress and emulation to 1958, its only substantive content paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0036", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In a recorded oral history, an economist recalls that his business patron never obstructed any article, speech, or comment he made, however consequential. Among the reforms he claims credit for proposing, alongside gold control and industrial licensing changes, which act does he say was 'canceled'?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:d-r-pendse-on-his-relationship-with-jrd-tata" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:d-r-pendse-on-his-relationship-with-jrd-tata": [ "p-e61529" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Monopoly act" ] }, "rationale": "The speaker explicitly credits himself with proposing that the Monopoly act be canceled, alongside gold control and industrial licensing.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0039", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay on inflation notes that an IMF chief endorsed India's official claim of having reversed inflation during a visit to the country, alongside the World Bank president. Name the IMF chief.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:controlling-inflation-in-india-br-shenoy-1977" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:controlling-inflation-in-india-br-shenoy-1977": [ "p-e08f11" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Witteveen" ] }, "rationale": "Witteveen is named as the IMF chief who endorsed India's inflation-reversal claim, only in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0040", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In an oral history about grassroots civic tools, a speaker describes assembling a nonpartisan panel of former judges and police officials that collected thousands of public submissions on corrupt candidates, ultimately naming a final list of contestants with criminal records. How many candidates appeared on that list?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:fashioning-tools-for-peoples-movement" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:fashioning-tools-for-peoples-movement": [ "p-85fc59", "p-a337ef" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "42" ] }, "rationale": "The speaker gives the final tally of 42 criminals contesting office, following the panel's review of 2600 public submissions.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0041", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An account describes a well-known Indian tax lawyer's annual public lecture on the government's budget, held in Bombay from the 1950s onward, and how the venue changed as crowds grew far too large for each site. Which cricket stadium did the lecture eventually move to, and who first suggested the move, half in jest?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:s-divakara-on-nani-palkhivalas-union-budget-commentaries" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:s-divakara-on-nani-palkhivalas-union-budget-commentaries": [ "p-3e0341" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Brabourne Stadium", "Vijay Merchant" ] }, "rationale": "Only this recollection names the venue succession ending at Brabourne Stadium and Vijay Merchant's half-joking suggestion to move there.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0042", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A short 1962 commentary in the archive contends that, absent any judicial check on the fairness of a payout for property taken by the state, the outcome depends entirely on the mood of Parliament — swinging between two opposite extremes. What two terms does the piece use for these two extremes?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:jawaharlal-nehru-sc-compensation-a-ranganathan" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:jawaharlal-nehru-sc-compensation-a-ranganathan": [ "p-a397b3" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "just compensation", "confiscation" ] }, "rationale": "The pull-quote paragraph is the only place stating the two possible outcomes — just compensation or confiscation — of an unreviewed payout.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0043", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An account of a 1993 arson attack on a hotel in Turkey, sparked by a mob incensed at the presence of a writer who had translated part of a controversial novel, describes intellectuals gathering there to honour a 16th-century poet. Name the poet being honoured, and the hotel where the attack took place.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:art-versus-law-and-order" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:art-versus-law-and-order": [ "p-a50960", "p-dcfe2f" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Pir Sultan Abdal", "Mahak Hotel" ] }, "rationale": "Only this essay's account of the Sivas arson names the Mahak Hotel and the poet Pir Sultan Abdal being commemorated.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0044", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A commentator in the archive quotes a former Chief Minister of Mysore who compared India's official socialist creed to a syncretic religion once imposed by a Mughal emperor on his court, saying it vanished like mist after the emperor's death. Name the religion and the Chief Minister who made the comparison.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-principle-of-state-interference" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-principle-of-state-interference": [ "p-a38992" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Din-i-ilahi", "Hanumanthaiya" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph attributes the Din-i-ilahi comparison to Sri Hanumanthaiya.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0045", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay revisits a historian's claim that a certain magazine 'opposed Gandhi's policies only indirectly, if at all' during the 1975-77 Emergency, then challenges this by cataloguing the magazine's actual anti-Emergency articles. Name the historian who made that original claim.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:indian-liberals-quest-magazine-india-first-dictatorship" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:indian-liberals-quest-magazine-india-first-dictatorship": [ "p-bedb70", "p-5c232a" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Eric Pullin" ] }, "rationale": "Only these paragraphs name Eric Pullin as the historian whose 'only indirectly, if at all' claim the essay sets out to revise.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0046", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A brief opinion piece in the archive argues that the methods of a certain welfare-state approach reduce the productivity of human effort and so harm the welfare of both incapacitated people and those without any physical limitation. In what year did the writer make this argument, and what single word does the piece use for the group of people who face no physical limitation?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:welfarism-poverty-indian-people-bs-sanyal" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:welfarism-poverty-indian-people-bs-sanyal": [ "p-6e9460" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "1957", "able-bodied" ] }, "rationale": "Only this pull-quote paragraph dates the argument to 1957 and pairs 'invalids' with 'the able-bodied'.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0047", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay assessing whether representative democracy would endure in India after independence complains that one particular administrative report is very difficult to find in Bombay. Whose report is it, and which region's administration does it review?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:prospects-of-democracy-in-india" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:prospects-of-democracy-in-india": [ "p-46592e" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Gorwala", "Mysore" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph names Mr Gorwala's report on the administration of Mysore as scarce in Bombay.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0048", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "Literary historians later identified a certain essay on child marriage as the very first of many articles and monographs written over his lifetime by a particular nineteenth-century Bengali educationist and social reformer. Which historian made that identification, and in what year?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-evils-of-child-marriage-by-ishwar-chandra-vidyasagar" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-evils-of-child-marriage-by-ishwar-chandra-vidyasagar": [ "p-9036ed" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Gopal Halder", "1972" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph credits literary historian Gopal Halder's 1972 finding that this was the reformer's very first published piece.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0049", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A recorded discussion about the state's expanding role during the COVID-19 lockdown argues that most of the initial relief for India's daily-wage earners and small street entrepreneurs came not from government but from civil society, since officials don't know where such people live. How many million people does the speaker estimate belong to this daily-wage-earning group, and what alternative to a central database does the speaker propose for contact tracing, so that location data stays only on people's own devices?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:role-of-civil-society-in-the-pandemic" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:role-of-civil-society-in-the-pandemic": [ "p-618985" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "700 millions", "cell phones" ] }, "rationale": "The single transcript paragraph is the only source giving the '700 millions' estimate and proposing keeping contact-tracing data on people's cell phones instead of a central database.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0050", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "Which economist's attention was captured by an Indian monetary economist's formal dissent to his country's Second Five-Year Plan Frame, leading to that economist inducting him into a prominent international free-market society's 1959 Oxford meeting?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:b-r-shenoy-indias-first-neoliberal" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:b-r-shenoy-indias-first-neoliberal": [ "p-0093dd", "p-662694" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Peter Bauer", "Mont Pelerin" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph credits Peter Bauer with inducting the economist into the Mont Pelerin Society's 1959 Oxford meeting after reading his Plan dissent.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0051", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay diagnosing caste as India's foremost obstacle to progress quotes a psychologist's remark that caste was 'one of the hard points of Hindu culture,' borrowing the line from a scholarly book on caste and race in India. Name the psychologist quoted, and the scholar whose book supplied the quotation.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:caste-system-curse" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:caste-system-curse": [ "p-e80ef9" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Fredrick Bartlett", "Ghurye" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph names Fredrick Bartlett's phrase and attributes it to Prof Ghurye's book, without naming the essay's own author or title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0052", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In a piece recounting a war film's darkly comic moments, one soldier proposes a mock-sporting way to end all future wars: fence off a field, sell tickets, then have the kings, cabinets, and generals fight it out in their underpants with a specific weapon, best country wins. Which soldier proposes this idea?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:all-quiet-on-the-western-front-1930" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:all-quiet-on-the-western-front-1930": [ "p-be7bb6" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Katczinsky" ] }, "rationale": "The 'rope off a field and fight with clubs' proposal is spoken by Katczinsky alone in this paragraph; the question never names the film.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0053", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay on privacy in the digital age quotes a U.S. senator's warning to Mark Zuckerberg at a congressional hearing: \"If you and other social media companies do not get your act in order, none of us are going to have any privacy anymore.\" Which senator, and from which state, delivered this warning?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:encoding-privacy-in-a-digital-world" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:encoding-privacy-in-a-digital-world": [ "p-a42c99" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bill Nelson", "Florida" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph is the only place naming 'Senator Bill Nelson of Florida' alongside this exact quotation; the essay itself is bylined only to an editorial team.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0055", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "Two speeches analysing India's worsening economic condition were delivered at a meeting of Pune's trading community on 8 December 1872, later collected into a booklet on trade. At what venue in Pune was this meeting held?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:m-g-ranade-on-wealth-creation" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:m-g-ranade-on-wealth-creation": [ "p-c7a0ff" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Phadtare Wada" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph names Phadtare Wada as the meeting venue on that date; the question avoids naming the speaker being profiled.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0056", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An archived essay skeptical of vegetarianism's health claims mentions a field of study that Russian scientists reportedly developed to treat decayed gums and other diseases of the mouth and stomach. What was this field of study called?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:hitlerite-vegetarianism-india-food-science-sentiment" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:hitlerite-vegetarianism-india-food-science-sentiment": [ "p-f5ee37" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Onionology" ] }, "rationale": "The coined term 'Onionology' occurs nowhere else in the corpus and is unambiguous once found.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0057", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In an archived essay on an 1892 Telugu play about a forced remarriage and a dowry-style bride-price, its manipulative would-be social reformer is compared to a lovable rogue from a Charles Dickens novel. Name that Dickens character.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:gurajada-apparao-liberal-and-feminist-insights-in-kanyasulkam" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:gurajada-apparao-liberal-and-feminist-insights-in-kanyasulkam": [ "p-822176" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Jingle" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph draws the comparison between the character Girisam and 'Mr. Jingle of The Pickwick Papers'; the playwright's name and the play's title are never used in the question.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0058", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An archived profile of a 19th-century Indian trailblazer describes how a letter published in an American missionary review caught the eye of a Philadelphia missionary, who was then persuaded to fully support her ambition to study medicine abroad. Name this missionary.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:anandibai-joshee" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:anandibai-joshee": [ "p-1c5429" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Carpenter" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph names B.F Carpenter as the missionary persuaded to support her; the question omits her name and the article's title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0059", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In a recorded conversation about India's industrial licensing system, the speakers recall being publicly accused by a political party of secretly working for a foreign intelligence agency. Which party made the accusation, and which agency did they name?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:jagdish-bhagwati-discussing-his-book-india-planning-for-industrialization" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:jagdish-bhagwati-discussing-his-book-india-planning-for-industrialization": [ "p-e6e3f1" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Communist Party of India", "CIA" ] }, "rationale": "This is the only paragraph where the Communist Party of India's 'CIA agents' accusation appears; the question avoids the speaker's name and the book title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0060", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay examining shifts inside socialist economies quotes a British thinker's observation that socialism was like a hat which had lost its shape because too many people had worn it. Who made this observation?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:ad-shroff-socialism-free-enterprise-lessons" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:ad-shroff-socialism-free-enterprise-lessons": [ "p-9e6b1e" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "C. E. M. Joad" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph attributes the 'hat which had lost its shape' line to C. E. M. Joad; the question avoids naming the essay's own byline.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0061", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A political party was founded by Rajaji, Minoo Masani, N. G. Ranga, and K. M. Munshi in opposition to Nehruvian central planning, and became the largest opposition party in the Lok Sabha after the 1967 general election. How many seats did it hold in the fourth Lok Sabha, and which party did it merge into when it dissolved in 1974?", "expected": { "docs": [ "organisations:swatantra-party" ], "paragraph_ids": { "organisations:swatantra-party": [ "p-35a90c" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "44 seats", "Bharatiya Lok Dal" ] }, "rationale": "The founders and merger detail single out the profile without naming the party itself; the seat count and merger target are the two checkable facts.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0062", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In an account of tribal communities and rural development, a speaker describes how villagers, once they began receiving a specific kind of land document, first invested in land-levelling and irrigation before planting orchards. What abbreviation does the speaker use for that land document, and over how many years did he say the landscape of the villages visibly changed?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:tribals-and-development-countering-the-myths" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:tribals-and-development-countering-the-myths": [ "p-c68a6d" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "FRA titles", "three years" ] }, "rationale": "The abbreviation and the timeframe only surface in the interview transcript itself and are not implied by the question.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0063", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay opposing 1958 land-ceiling proposals in South Indian states says that Kerala's bill would seize wetland holdings above a set acreage, while Mysore and Andhra capped permissible landholding by the annual income it produced instead. What was Kerala's acreage ceiling, and what annual income figure (in rupees) did the Mysore and Andhra proposals use to define a permissible holding?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:ceilings-on-landholdings-m-a-venkata-rao-1958" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:ceilings-on-landholdings-m-a-venkata-rao-1958": [ "p-ed6ee5" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "15 acres", "5,400" ] }, "rationale": "The author's name and the publication are withheld; the two figures come from a single paragraph and prove the essay was actually read.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0064", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A passage likens the age-old conflict between labour and capital first to a line from a U.S. Supreme Court Justice, and then to a 'correct response' offered decades later by a senior Catholic religious leader. In what year did the Justice make his remark, and what structure -- explicitly said to be 'not' a weapon -- does the religious leader's response liken professional organisations and unions to?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:dangerous-counter-philosophy-piloo-mody" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:dangerous-counter-philosophy-piloo-mody": [ "p-87cf9e" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "1896", "bridge which unites" ] }, "rationale": "Neither the book's author nor its title is named; the year and the bridge metaphor are only found in this one paragraph of quoted authorities.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0065", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A New Year message from a liberty-focused institute headquartered in Bombay says it was 'keeping aloft the torch of Libertarianism' through branches in several other Indian cities. What is the institute's full name, and which city is listed first among its branches?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:libertarian-happy-new-year" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:libertarian-happy-new-year": [ "p-5ca438" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Libertarian Social Institute", "Bangalore" ] }, "rationale": "The author's name and the piece's own title are withheld; the institute's name and the ordering of its branch cities can only come from the closing paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0066", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A retrospective on liberal politics in India recounts a 1994 attempt to launch a new liberal party that won over a million votes in a state legislative election but ended up with only a couple of seats. What was the name of this party, and which state's assembly election was it contesting?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:sharad-joshi-on-liberalism-in-india" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:sharad-joshi-on-liberalism-in-india": [ "p-6dfefd" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Swatantra Bharat", "Maharashtra" ] }, "rationale": "The author's name is withheld; the 1994 party's name and the state whose assembly it contested are both distinctive and come from a single paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0067", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In a conversation about a dynastic political family in India, one leader's sister -- after presiding over a global assembly in New York -- held two further diplomatic postings before her final one in Washington. What were those two postings, in order (city only)?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:on-nehrus-cult-like-personality-in-conversation-with-zareer-masani" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:on-nehrus-cult-like-personality-in-conversation-with-zareer-masani": [ "p-7bfc1b" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "London", "Moscow" ] }, "rationale": "The interview's subject and interlocutor are never named; the sequence of postings between the UN presidency and the Washington posting is a specific fact only in this transcript passage.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0068", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An essay critical of India's post-independence economic planning cites a specialist in the economics of underdeveloped countries who, after studying the government's development plans, concluded it seemed more interested in one particular ideology than in economic development itself. What is the specialist's surname, and at which university was he based?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:russian-socialism-nehru-imagination" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:russian-socialism-nehru-imagination": [ "p-c56251" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bauer", "University of London" ] }, "rationale": "The essay's author, subject, and original publication are all withheld; the quoted specialist's surname and university only appear in this one paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0069", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A veteran independence-era statesman and Tamil-literature scholar was invited by a Mumbai-based cultural institution in the late 1950s to deliver a lecture series on culture, later published by the institution as a book that went through several editions. Name the institution, and name one artistic domain he said his lectures would have nothing to say about.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:rajagopalacharis-thoughts-on-culture" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:rajagopalacharis-thoughts-on-culture": [ "p-248e77", "p-fbc174" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan", "silver screen" ] }, "rationale": "The profile's subject is described by role rather than named; the hosting institution and the disclaimed artistic domain each come from a distinct paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0070", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A speech delivered at an organisation's Silver Jubilee celebration on January 12, 1982, praised its 'very great' founder and the leaders who upheld his standards since. Name the founder, and name the person leading the organisation at the time of the speech.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:free-market-economy" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:free-market-economy": [ "p-0fc798", "p-33f6d7" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "A. D. Shroff", "N. A. Palkhivala" ] }, "rationale": "The speaker and the hosting body's name are withheld; the founder and sitting president are named only in the paragraph recounting the organisation's leadership history.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0071", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "Which Carnatic composer did a writer on free expression trace to the tradition of the Purvacharyas?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:freedom-of-self-expression" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:freedom-of-self-expression": [ "p-09bb7b" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Tyagaraja" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph is the only place in the corpus linking Tyagaraja to the Purvacharyas.", "reach": "via_tools", "repairs": [ "dropped 1 answer_must_contain string(s) already present in the question: 'Purvacharyas'" ] }, { "id": "il-0072", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "In which town did a Telugu-language writer who spoke out against child marriage and for divorce reform found a named organisation for women's welfare, and what was that organisation called?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:kanuparti-varalakshmamma-feminist-writer-social-activistwoman-doctor" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:kanuparti-varalakshmamma-feminist-writer-social-activistwoman-doctor": [ "p-15ceed" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bapatla", "Stri Hitaishini Mandali" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph names both the Bapatla location and the Stri Hitaishini Mandali she founded there.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0073", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "Which novelist is quoted on 'the freedom to offend' at the close of a passage recounting the Galileo affair, and what is the title of the 1610 publication of telescope observations that the passage cites as the offending idea?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:for-absolute-freedom-of-expression" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:for-absolute-freedom-of-expression": [ "p-5896ad" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Rushdie", "Sidereus Nuncius" ] }, "rationale": "The Sidereus Nuncius/Galileo illustration and the closing Rushdie quote occur together only in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0074", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "What untranslated term denoted villages officially listed as uninhabited that mysteriously produced ration claims once economic controls took hold, and what fictitious relative commonly appeared as an extra mouth to feed on such-era ration cards?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:controls-and-freedom" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:controls-and-freedom": [ "p-aad849" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Becharak", "grand-aunt" ] }, "rationale": "The term Becharak and the ghost-relative ration-card detail appear only in this paragraph's account of evading controls.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0075", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "Research into which region's insects, once mocked as a joke topic, led to a breakthrough in pest control and crop care, and what mathematical field once dismissed as 'useless intellectual gymnastics' went on to found computer science?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:application-of-science-and-technology" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:application-of-science-and-technology": [ "p-a2cbdc" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Papuan", "Boolean algebra" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph pairs the Papuan-insects joke with the Boolean-algebra-to-computing lineage as science spin-offs.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0076", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "Which two-wheeler maker was cited, with a figure of 1.7 million motorcycles, as the largest producer of its kind, and which company was named Best GM supplier, in an illustration of newfound industrial confidence?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:economic-reforms-in-india" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:economic-reforms-in-india": [ "p-99838b" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Hero Honda", "Sundaram Clayton" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph's list of success stories names both Hero Honda's motorcycle output and Sundaram Clayton's GM-supplier award.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0077", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "Which two European figures are invoked in an essay on economic gradualism, one for insisting that capitalism must be 'oiled' with safety-nets of social security, the other for insisting the market mechanism must be made 'socially oriented'?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:is-there-a-middle-way-dr-fredie-a-mehta" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:is-there-a-middle-way-dr-fredie-a-mehta": [ "p-120c18" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Otto von Bismark", "Ludwig von Erhard" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph pairs Bismark's 'oiled' safety-net remark with Erhard's 'socially oriented' market phrase.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0078", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "Which clergyman administered baptism to a Marathi autobiographer who had refused it from English missionaries or upper-caste Christians, and what were the names of the three beggar children she later adopted?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:two-strands-of-liberal-expression-dr-anandibai-joshi-and-lakshmibai-tilak" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:two-strands-of-liberal-expression-dr-anandibai-joshi-and-lakshmibai-tilak": [ "p-10f090" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Vaniramji Bapuji Ohol", "Houshi", "Bhiku" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph names the officiating clergyman and the adopted children by name.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0079", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "Which historian is credited with the claim that Victorian paternalism blamed liberal reformism for the revolt of 1857, and which mystic guru was increasingly drawing the Bengali bhadralok away from a disillusioned social reformer's cause at that time?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:the-liberalism-of-ishwar-chandra-vidyasagar" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:the-liberalism-of-ishwar-chandra-vidyasagar": [ "p-ab5fb4" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Shekhar Bandhopadhyay", "Ramakrishna" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph attributes the 1857/Victorian-paternalism claim to Bandhopadhyay and names Ramakrishna as the rival draw on the bhadralok.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0081", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A woman remembered as a courtesan of Lurkee Mahil took up the role of a warrior and strategist during the Revolt of 1857, helping a rebel cavalry unit operating out of Kanpur. In which city was she born, and by what other name was she also known?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:zealous-azizun-nisa" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:zealous-azizun-nisa": [ "p-0df691" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Lucknow", "Azizun Bai" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph gives Azizun Nisa's birthplace and alternate name; both are verbatim, distinctive, and absent from the question.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0082", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A writer arguing that no part of humanity could be written off — militarily, ideologically, or morally — invoked both Abraham Lincoln's warning that no nation could remain half slave and half free, and the words of an English poet on human interconnectedness, in a shrinking world. Name the poet.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-universality-of-human-values-m-r-masani" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-universality-of-human-values-m-r-masani": [ "p-ba7528" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "John Donne" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph names John Donne as the poet invoked alongside the Lincoln reference; the question describes the argument without naming the poet, author, or work.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0083", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A lecturer, thanking a mentor whose guidance had nurtured 'this Centre' into what it had become, proposed an alternative title for his talk on the worldwide retreat of socialism — a Persian-language phrase likening the departure of heresy from the Kaaba to what would remain of the faith. What was that alternative title, in full?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-retreat-from-socialism-2" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-retreat-from-socialism-2": [ "p-b286fa" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Khezad", "musalmani" ] }, "rationale": "The Persian alternative title is a one-off phrase in the corpus; its distinctive transliterated words serve as the needle since no other names appear in the paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0084", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "In 1851, an Indian reformer and his colleagues founded both a Zoroastrian reform society and a Gujarati-language newspaper that campaigned against child marriage and the practice of nautches. Name the newspaper and the society.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:dadabhai-naoroji-social-reforms-transnational-connections-statistical-liberalism" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:dadabhai-naoroji-social-reforms-transnational-connections-statistical-liberalism": [ "p-8d7db3" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Rast Goftar", "Rahnumae Mazdayasnan Sabha" ] }, "rationale": "Both organisation names are verbatim, distinctive, and given only in this paragraph; the question withholds Naoroji's name.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0085", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "In discussing India's economic decline under colonial rule, a social reformer credited two Indian judges, alongside Dadabhai Naoroji, with devising ways to stimulate the country's industries and commerce without violating the laws of economics. Name the two judges.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:gg-agarkar-revisiting-a-misunderstood-legacy" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:gg-agarkar-revisiting-a-misunderstood-legacy": [ "p-3cfa8a" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Justice Telang", "Justice Ranade" ] }, "rationale": "The two judges are named only alongside Naoroji in this paragraph; the question uses Naoroji (not the subject of this piece) as the findable anchor while withholding Agarkar's name.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0086", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A Marathi social reformer's book contrasting communalism in India with the medieval history of Europe traces the Arab invasion of Europe through Gibraltar in 711 CE, noting that Arab forces reached a city in France within 21 years, before a Christian pushback was completed with the fall of a certain city in 1492. Name the book, and the city whose fall in 1492 completed that reconquest.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:hamid-dalwai-and-the-muslim-satyashodhak-mandal" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:hamid-dalwai-and-the-muslim-satyashodhak-mandal": [ "p-65159e" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Rashtriya Ekatmata ani Bharatiya Musalman", "Granada" ] }, "rationale": "The book title and the fall of Granada in 1492 are the two checkable facts unique to this paragraph; the question omits Hamid Dalwai's name and the organisation named in the title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0087", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "An article on India's planning debates blames two clusters of Western economists for keeping Indian universities wedded to outmoded dirigiste doctrines — one cluster of 'pronounced left-wingers.' Name two of the four economists in that left-wing cluster.", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:planning-free-market-state-control-india-poverty-br-shenoy" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:planning-free-market-state-control-india-poverty-br-shenoy": [ "p-52a510" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Baloghs", "Bettelheims" ] }, "rationale": "The named economist clusters occur only in this paragraph; the question withholds the author's name (BR Shenoy) and the article title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0088", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A social reformer from a Brahmin family nonetheless criticised the upper-class attitudes of Brahmins in his writings, and produced several plays skewering Brahmin priests, including one in 1886 dramatizing a devotee king's story, and another in 1889. Name these two plays.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:kandukuri-veeresalingam-icon-of-andhras-renaissance" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:kandukuri-veeresalingam-icon-of-andhras-renaissance": [ "p-e639bf" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Satya Harischandra", "Tiryag- Vidvan Mahasabha" ] }, "rationale": "The two play titles with their years are given only in this paragraph; the question withholds Veeresalingam's name.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0089", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "India's long tradition of dissent, reaching back to disputes between the brahman and shraman (nastik) traditions, is said to find an echo in the works of a certain ancient writer, in the Ashokan inscriptions, and in the writings of a medieval scholar who described a counter religion of the Shramanas. Name these two writers.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:diversity-democracy-and-dissent" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:diversity-democracy-and-dissent": [ "p-ac3b38" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Megasthenes", "Al Beruni" ] }, "rationale": "Megasthenes and Al Beruni are named together only in this paragraph; the question avoids reproducing the four-word article title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0090", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "During an incident at Checkpoint Charlie, a man lay mortally wounded for about half an hour, moaning for help, before he died, while American troops held back from giving him medical aid for fear of the consequences — an episode said to have exposed the weakness of the Western position in Berlin. Name the man who died at Checkpoint Charlie.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:trample-the-wall" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:trample-the-wall": [ "p-6216cc" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Fechter" ] }, "rationale": "Fechter's surname is the one distinctive, verbatim fact this paragraph supplies, and it is withheld from the question itself.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0091", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "In a discussion of religious identity before British colonial census-taking, one speaker describes a transactional, patchily integrated pre-colonial world using a paired set of adjectives. What are the two adjectives used together to describe this world?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:sagarika-ghose-battle-of-ideologies" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:sagarika-ghose-battle-of-ideologies": [ "p-75168f" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Islamisate", "Indic" ] }, "rationale": "This paragraph is the only place in the corpus pairing 'Islamisate' and 'Indic' to describe the pre-colonial world of intermingled devotion.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0092", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "One interview describes an author who was voted onto a global ideas platform's list of '33 Entrepreneurs Who Make The World A Better Place,' and whose second-named book won an award in 2018. Name the platform and the award.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:indian-liberals-interviews-hindol-sengupta" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:indian-liberals-interviews-hindol-sengupta": [ "p-62721b" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "IdeaMensch", "Wilbur Award" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph names IdeaMensch as the platform and the Wilbur Award as the 2018 prize for the interviewee's second book.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0093", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "One essay compares several 20th-century national ideologies to their dreams — the Nazi's superman, Mussolini's revived empire, the communists' New Mass Man — before turning to a freedom leader whose vision was a republic of autonomous villages living an 'Arcadian life' close to nature. Name that leader and the book in which he set out this vision.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:to-prosperity-through-freedom-v-r-1960" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:to-prosperity-through-freedom-v-r-1960": [ "p-aff294" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Gandhi", "Hind Swaraj" ] }, "rationale": "This paragraph's list of national ideological dreams closes with Gandhi and Hind Swaraj, distinguishing it from generic discussions of the same leader.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0094", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A biting critique of society women's meetings says they arrive in fancy shawls and embroidered turbans, get through 'a whole ton of supari nuts' and 'cartloads of betel leaves' — and then use up a tank full of what, before going home having accomplished nothing?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:the-unwavering-feminism-of-tarabai-shinde" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:the-unwavering-feminism-of-tarabai-shinde": [ "p-301f24" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "rosewater" ] }, "rationale": "The quoted critique's specific list of consumed items, ending in a tank of rosewater, appears only in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0095", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "An essay on traditional Indian values for regulating economic and desire-satisfying activities coins two adjectives — one for wealth-and-income-acquiring activities, one for want-satisfying activities. What are they called?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:my-idea-of-a-welfare-state" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:my-idea-of-a-welfare-state": [ "p-d0429f" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Arthic", "Kamic" ] }, "rationale": "The coined terms Arthic and Kamic, for the two categories of daily activity, appear only in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0096", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A reflection on India's 1977 election victory refers to the winning coalition not simply as the Janata Party but by a compound name including another party's initials. What was that compound name?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-task-before-a-free-people" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-task-before-a-free-people": [ "p-4861b8" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Janata-CFD" ] }, "rationale": "The compound name 'Janata-CFD party' for the 1977 winning coalition appears only in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0097", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A piece on the 1962 border war states that the Dalai Lama and his followers were driven out of Tibet by Chinese forces in a specific year — earlier than the year usually cited. What year does the piece give, and what dismissive epithet does it use for the Chinese forces occupying Tibet?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-us-india-alignment-in-cold-war" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-us-india-alignment-in-cold-war": [ "p-c4c4af" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "1960", "Red bandits" ] }, "rationale": "This paragraph's idiosyncratic 1960 dating of the Dalai Lama's exile and its 'Red bandits' epithet appear together only here.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0098", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A social worker born in Cuttack on 3 December 1899, daughter of Basanta Kumari Devi and Gopal Ballav Das, was the niece of a lawyer and social reformer honoured with the title 'Utkal Gaurab' for his role in unifying Odisha. Name that reformer.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:a-resilient-soul-ramadevi-chowdhuri" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:a-resilient-soul-ramadevi-chowdhuri": [ "p-526ffa" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Madhusudhan Das" ] }, "rationale": "This paragraph is the only place naming Madhusudhan Das as the profiled woman's uncle.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0099", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "An essay on property rights over river water gives an example of a ghost town on the banks of the Yamuna, 40 km from Dehra Doon, whose irrigation department owns the town but is broke. Name the town.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:a-rule-of-law-society" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:a-rule-of-law-society": [ "p-52f8ac" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Dakpathar" ] }, "rationale": "Dakpathar is named as the specific ghost town only in this paragraph.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0100", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A woman born on 2 February 1889 into the royal family of Kapurthala was introduced to nationalist politics through Gopal Krishna Gokhale's influence on her father. Name her father, as given in the profile.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:rajkumari-amrit-kaur-philanthropy-and-politics" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:rajkumari-amrit-kaur-philanthropy-and-politics": [ "p-3631dd" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Harnam Singh Ahluwalia" ] }, "rationale": "This paragraph is the only place naming Harnam Singh Ahluwalia as her father, connected to Gokhale's influence.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0101", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A raja and his wife founded a Mahila Mandal in a small Maharashtra town to advance Dalit women's right to education and employment. In which town was it based, and what was the royal family's surname?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:babytai-kamble-resolute-feminism" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:babytai-kamble-resolute-feminism": [ "p-8564ff" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Phaltan", "Nimbalkar" ] }, "rationale": "The paragraph is the only place in the corpus naming Phaltan and the Nimbalkar family as founders of this Mahila Mandal.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0102", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "One assessment of India's push toward AI-enabled digital transformation gives a five-year growth figure for the country's AI sector, plus how much private investment in it rose between 2016 and 2017. What was the five-year growth figure, and what were the 2016 and 2017 investment amounts?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-for-india" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-for-india": [ "p-713046" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "$150 million", "$44 million", "$73 million" ] }, "rationale": "These three dollar figures appear together only in this paragraph's account of India's AI investment growth.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0103", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "A woman married at age nine in 1877 had been born a few years earlier under a different name. Her husband, a social reformer, was later imprisoned for seven months for defaming a British-appointed regent. What was her birth name, and in what year was he imprisoned?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-forgotten-legacy-of-yashodabai-agarkar" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-forgotten-legacy-of-yashodabai-agarkar": [ "p-3a83e9" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Ambu Phadke", "1883" ] }, "rationale": "Only this paragraph gives her birth name, Ambu Phadke, alongside the 1883 imprisonment for defamation of a British-appointed regent.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0104", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "Arguing against a wholesale return to bygone Hindu social practices, a writer named a specific old custom that let a widow bear sons with her deceased husband's brother, and separately cited a ritual involving suspension from hooks as evidence of how brutal past practices had been. What was the custom called, and what was the hook ritual called?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:m-g-ranade-on-revival-and-reform" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:m-g-ranade-on-revival-and-reform": [ "p-9cad0d" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Niyoga", "hook-swinging" ] }, "rationale": "The Niyoga system and hook-swinging are named together only in this paragraph's list of discarded Hindu customs.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0105", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "needle", "question": "An essay on rationalism quotes a historian of Greek thought crediting a particular ancient Greek system with turning the world's formation from a supernatural event into a natural one. Who was the historian quoted, and what was that system called?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:humanism-science-and-rationalism" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:humanism-science-and-rationalism": [ "p-025000" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Cornford", "Milesian" ] }, "rationale": "Cornford's name and the Milesian system appear together only in this quoted paragraph on the origins of rational naturalism.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0106", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One full-text version of a 1990 memorial lecture reflecting on more than four decades of Indian self-governance mentions a Delhi memorial where a list of Mahatma Gandhi's 'Seven Deadly Sins' is inscribed — what memorial is that? A shorter, mirrored version of the same lecture closes by naming the organisation that published it as a monograph the following year. Which organisation was that?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:forty-three-years-of-independence", "theprint-mirror:like-a-gambler-govts-squandered-indias-legacy-through-mindless-socialism-nani-palkhivala" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:forty-three-years-of-independence": [ "p-370354" ], "theprint-mirror:like-a-gambler-govts-squandered-indias-legacy-through-mindless-socialism-nani-palkhivala": [ "p-f4070b" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Gandhi Samadhi", "Forum of Free Enterprise" ] }, "rationale": "The Gandhi Samadhi / Seven Deadly Sins reference survives only in the fuller lecture text, which the mirrored excerpt omits; the mirror's closing note is the only place naming the Forum of Free Enterprise as the monograph's 1991 publisher.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0107", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One first-hand account of forest-rights work names the piece of legislation whose stated philosophy is to give local communities ownership over both minor and major forest produce — what is that law called? A separate account, tracing how tribal communities lost control of forest land under colonial rule, names the year from which the legal assertion of state ownership over such land is said to date. What year is that?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:forest-departments-incentives-and-the-environment", "primary-works:indias-forest-dwellers-from-owners-to-encroachers" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:forest-departments-incentives-and-the-environment": [ "p-47b592" ], "primary-works:indias-forest-dwellers-from-owners-to-encroachers": [ "p-44a2b5" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Forest Rights Act", "1927" ] }, "rationale": "The Forest Rights Act is named only in the incentives-focused transcript, while the 1927 starting point for the colonial assertion of forest ownership is named only in the dispossession-history transcript.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0108", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One profile of a well-known twentieth-century Indian jurist names an institute he founded to advance the democratic ideals associated with Jayaprakash Narayan — what is that institute called? A tribute to the same jurist, written by a close associate, names the publishing house that in 1994 issued a compilation of his essays ranging from a profile of an early nationalist economist to commentary on a state governor's dismissal. Which publishing house was that?", "expected": { "docs": [ "thinkers:nani-palkhivala", "musings:nani-palkhivala-publications-to-serve-public-education" ], "paragraph_ids": { "thinkers:nani-palkhivala": [ "p-60e520" ], "musings:nani-palkhivala-publications-to-serve-public-education": [ "p-bf52e3" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Jayaprakash Institute", "UBS Publishers" ] }, "rationale": "The institute founded to carry forward JP's legacy is named only in the biographical profile, while the 1994 publisher of the essay compilation is named only in the associate's tribute.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0109", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One version of a 1956 address to a graduates' association gives the exact number of shareholders in a major Indian steel company, cited to rebut the claim that private industry concentrates economic power — how many shareholders? A mirrored, abridged version of the same address closes with an editorial note giving the exact date in 1956 on which the underlying monograph was first published. What date is that?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:has-private-enterprise-failed-a-d-shroff", "theprint-mirror:private-enterprise-didnt-fail-in-india-jn-tatas-steel-dream-soared-despite-british-ridicule" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:has-private-enterprise-failed-a-d-shroff": [ "p-ff7c45" ], "theprint-mirror:private-enterprise-didnt-fail-in-india-jn-tatas-steel-dream-soared-despite-british-ridicule": [ "p-191748" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "42,000", "23 October 1956" ] }, "rationale": "The 42,000-shareholder figure for Tata Iron & Steel appears only in the fuller musings version, which the abridged mirror cuts; the mirror's closing attribution note is the only place giving the monograph's exact 23 October 1956 publication date.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0111", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One short 1974 excerpt asks what a worker needs, besides ample wages, in order to buy property — what two-word method of accumulation does it name? A separate 1963 essay opposing a proposed nationalisation of an entire industry closes by naming the periodical whose economic supplement first carried it. Name that periodical.", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:india-socialism-common-man-capitalist", "theprint-mirror:bank-nationalisation-indias-mixed-economy-totalitarianism-phiroze-shroff" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:india-socialism-common-man-capitalist": [ "p-20ca54" ], "theprint-mirror:bank-nationalisation-indias-mixed-economy-totalitarianism-phiroze-shroff": [ "p-a4ef46" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "judicious saving", "Indian Libertarian" ] }, "rationale": "The 'judicious saving' phrase appears only in the short 1974 excerpt; the Indian Libertarian attribution appears only in the bank-nationalisation essay's closing note.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0112", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One work explaining how economic freedom builds prosperity credits an illustrator by name in its opening description — who illustrated it? A separate, much shorter piece lists several kinds of economically independent people — a professional, a businessman, an agricultural category, an artisan, and a self-employed man — who can 'stand on their own legs' and afford to disagree with government. Which agricultural category appears in that list?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:your-prosperity-through-freedom", "theprint-mirror:free-enterprise-in-economic-life-minoo-masani" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:your-prosperity-through-freedom": [ "p-1123bb" ], "theprint-mirror:free-enterprise-in-economic-life-minoo-masani": [ "p-a95f5f" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Eric Francis", "landed peasant" ] }, "rationale": "The illustrator credit appears only in the graphic-novel piece's opening description; the 'landed peasant' category appears only in the separate short excerpt listing economically independent people.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0113", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "Using the Aggregate Measurement of Support as its yardstick, one Rajya Sabha speech on farmer suicides puts the cumulative loss to Indian farmers between 1980 and 2000 at a specific sum in crores of rupees — what sum? A separate piece on the same price-support measure gives its negative value for fourteen major crops in a single year, 1996-97 — what sum is that?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:sharad-joshi-tragedy-of-being-a-farmer-in-india", "musings:unchanged-quarter-century-for-farmers-sharad-joshi" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:sharad-joshi-tragedy-of-being-a-farmer-in-india": [ "p-927f81" ], "musings:unchanged-quarter-century-for-farmers-sharad-joshi": [ "p-08e564" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "300,000 crore", "113,000 crore" ] }, "rationale": "The 1980-2000 cumulative loss figure appears only in the Rajya Sabha speech; the 1996-97 negative AMS figure for fourteen crops appears only in the separate article on the farmers' movement.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0114", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One profile of a libertarian Indian columnist notes that he received a named international prize from a former British Prime Minister at a London ceremony — what is that prize called? A separate excerpt from one of his own political-economy handbooks cites a corporate-sponsored survey, naming the two firms behind it, that ranked Indian cities the worst in the world. Name those two firms.", "expected": { "docs": [ "thinkers:sauvik-chakraverti", "musings:population-causes-prosperity" ], "paragraph_ids": { "thinkers:sauvik-chakraverti": [ "p-196e77" ], "musings:population-causes-prosperity": [ "p-7676cc" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bastiat Prize", "Arthur Andersen-Fortune" ] }, "rationale": "The Bastiat Prize appears only in the biographical profile; the Arthur Andersen-Fortune survey appears only in the excerpt from the columnist's own handbook.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0115", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One critique of an earlier Five Year Plan's record notes that food production reached only a specific total in million tonnes, well short of its target — what was that total? A separate critique, of a following year's Union Budget, gives the government's provision for defence expenditure that year in crores of rupees — what was that figure?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-missed-opportunity", "musings:the-budget-versus-the-people-2" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-missed-opportunity": [ "p-5a2dfe" ], "musings:the-budget-versus-the-people-2": [ "p-c7728c" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "74 million tonnes", "879 crores" ] }, "rationale": "The food-production shortfall figure appears only in the critique of the earlier Plan period; the defence-expenditure figure appears only in the separate critique of the following year's Union Budget.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0116", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "Two early Indian liberal politicians each built reputations through institutional work before turning to wider politics. One earned the title 'Father of the Municipal Government' in a major Indian city and became its municipal commissioner in a particular year; the other, a schoolteacher-turned-editor who joined public life after reading a confidential pamphlet, later argued at a 1921 conference for the citizenship rights of Indians living in British dominions. In what year did the first become municipal commissioner, and what was the name of the 1921 conference?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:the-moderate-liberalism-of-ferocious-mehta", "opinions:v-s-srinivasa-sastri" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:the-moderate-liberalism-of-ferocious-mehta": [ "p-bd530f" ], "opinions:v-s-srinivasa-sastri": [ "p-0fd3a2" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "1873", "Imperial Conference" ] }, "rationale": "The municipal-commissioner year is stated only in the Mehta profile and the 1921 conference name only in the Sastri profile, so both must be consulted.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0117", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "An 18th-century satirical essay on commerce imagines a merchant who 'dispatches Orders from his Compting-House' to two named trading ports, while a 20th-century liberal essay on liberalism compares everyday consumer choice to casting a vote and gives two example brand names for soap. Name one of the two ports mentioned in the first passage, and one of the two soap brands mentioned in the second.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:voltaire-on-trade", "musings:minoo-masani-liberalism" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:voltaire-on-trade": [ "p-26a985" ], "musings:minoo-masani-liberalism": [ "p-f6ab50" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Grand Cairo", "Hamam" ] }, "rationale": "The trading port appears only in the trade essay and the soap brand only in the liberalism essay, so a complete answer needs both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0118", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "Two Indian liberal essays on freedom each lean on a well-known outside authority. One defines freedom functionally by quoting the title of a Polish-British anthropologist's book; the other traces the negative-versus-positive-rights distinction to a famous work whose author is often invoked by market liberals worldwide. Name the anthropologist's book, and name the title of the other essay's central reference work.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:philosophy-of-freedom", "musings:freedom-and-economic-freedom-bibek-debroy-2008" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:philosophy-of-freedom": [ "p-56adc0" ], "musings:freedom-and-economic-freedom-bibek-debroy-2008": [ "p-c48758" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Freedom and Civilisation", "Road to Serfdom" ] }, "rationale": "Each essay cites a different outside book to ground its argument, so the pair of titles can only be assembled by reading both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0119", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One address delivered to commemorate a liberal social reformer's 101st birthday diagnosed the disappearance of an early liberal party from Indian politics as fatal to popular government. A different piece describes a rival liberal-leaning party founded soon after, whose formation was triggered by fears sparked at a Congress session held in a particular city. In what year was the commemorative address delivered, and in which city was the Congress session that triggered the new party's founding held?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:b-r-ambedkar-social-reform-failure-of-indian-liberalism", "opinions:swatantra-party-a-big-tent-challenge-to-congress-hegemony" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:b-r-ambedkar-social-reform-failure-of-indian-liberalism": [ "p-2db4d4" ], "opinions:swatantra-party-a-big-tent-challenge-to-congress-hegemony": [ "p-e05ceb" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "1943", "Nagpur" ] }, "rationale": "The speech's year sits only in the Ambedkar piece and the triggering city only in the Swatantra piece, forcing use of both sources.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0121", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One essay proposing remedies for black money suggests the Government let holders surrender it for a specific percentage of its value in white money, up to a fixed 1974 deadline. Another essay analyzing employment under India's Five-Year Plans states the expected addition to the labour force during the Third Plan period (1961-66). What percentage does the first essay propose for that early surrender window, and what was the expected addition to the labour force cited by the second essay for that period?", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:demonetisation-black-money-bp-adarkar", "theprint-mirror:planning-unemployment-india-five-year-plans" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:demonetisation-black-money-bp-adarkar": [ "p-3a50aa" ], "theprint-mirror:planning-unemployment-india-five-year-plans": [ "p-7a9ab9" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "90%", "17 million" ] }, "rationale": "The surrender percentage is unique to the black-money essay and the labour-force figure unique to the unemployment essay, so both are required.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0122", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A 1958 speech delivered at a business forum's convention on state trading argues that any new state economic activity must meet a specific public-interest test. A separate 1959 essay on state monopolies traces the constitutional amendment permitting the state to exclude citizens from a trade to an earlier judgment that struck down a state government's cancellation of certain transport licences as contrary to a specific law. Name that law, and give the exact date on which the convention (where the public-interest-test speech was delivered) took place.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:limits-and-limitations-of-state-trading", "musings:state-monopolies-and-the-citizen-in-a-democracy" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:limits-and-limitations-of-state-trading": [ "p-6be4b3" ], "musings:state-monopolies-and-the-citizen-in-a-democracy": [ "p-9ed42b" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Motor Vehicles Act", "April 28, 1958" ] }, "rationale": "The convention date is only in the state-trading speech and the cited law only in the state-monopolies essay, so both sources are necessary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0123", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 1959 booklet on industrial policy identifies a specific nationalisation event as the 'first breach' in India's stated industrial policy. A separate essay by the same author uses a named industrialist as a hypothetical example of an entrepreneur who could still be blocked from running his company by decision-makers in the capital. On what date in the early 1950s did that 'first breach' nationalisation occur, and what is the name of the hypothetical industrialist used as the example?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:pitfalls-in-our-industrial-policy", "theprint-mirror:private-enterprise-built-indias-industries-now-its-strangled-by-gods-in-delhi" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:pitfalls-in-our-industrial-policy": [ "p-8f8998" ], "theprint-mirror:private-enterprise-built-indias-industries-now-its-strangled-by-gods-in-delhi": [ "p-71fa53" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "August 1953", "A. D. Shroff" ] }, "rationale": "The nationalisation date sits only in the industrial-policy booklet and the named industrialist only in the companion essay, requiring both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0124", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 1959 prize-winning essay on Indian democracy cites a specific low percentage return earned on the Centre's state-enterprise investment for a particular year. A separate 1959 essay on the constitution and the individual quotes a public figure who contrasted a land-ceiling law with a historic category of landed estates seized earlier. What percentage return does the first essay cite, and what category of estates does the quoted figure name for contrast?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:democracy-in-india-by-jm-lobo-prabhu", "musings:the-individual-and-indian-constitution" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:democracy-in-india-by-jm-lobo-prabhu": [ "p-6b1da2" ], "musings:the-individual-and-indian-constitution": [ "p-9b92ee" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "1 per cent", "Zamindaris" ] }, "rationale": "The investment-return figure appears only in the democracy essay and the estate category only in the constitution essay, so both are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0125", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "Two archived pieces about poverty and economic policy in India draw on the same 1980 essay but preserve different amounts of it. One, cut short partway through, cites specific 1968 and 1978 poverty-rate percentages and a total headcount below the poverty line. The fuller version continues further and quotes a British poet-essayist on the connection between controlling the production of wealth and controlling human life itself. What total headcount does the shorter version cite for people below the poverty line, and who is the poet-essayist quoted near the end of the fuller version?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:a-blueprint-for-eradication-of-poverty-bp-godrej-1980", "theprint-mirror:was-indias-public-sector-born-out-of-european-envy" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:a-blueprint-for-eradication-of-poverty-bp-godrej-1980": [ "p-870ca5" ], "theprint-mirror:was-indias-public-sector-born-out-of-european-envy": [ "p-b23acb" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "356 million", "Hilaire Belloc" ] }, "rationale": "The headcount figure was trimmed from the fuller mirror while the poet-essayist quote was added only in the fuller mirror, so the two versions must both be read.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0127", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One essay contended that India's constitutional idea of a secular state sits closer to a particular foreign country's model than to the European one. Another essay, drawing on a 1993 magazine piece, distinguished several different senses in which a society or state could be called secular, including one built on equal respect for every religion. Which foreign country's concept did the first essay say India's conception was nearer to, and what hyphenated term did the second essay use for that equal-respect value?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:secular-state-rajaji", "musings:the-three-meanings-of-secularism" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:secular-state-rajaji": [ "p-684773" ], "musings:the-three-meanings-of-secularism": [ "p-144fde" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "American concept", "sarva-dharma-samabhava" ] }, "rationale": "Only the first essay states which country's model India's secular concept is said to resemble, and only the second names the sarva-dharma-samabhava value; a correct answer needs both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0128", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One article accused a government minister's convocation speech of implicitly threatening the nationalisation of commercial banks and argued that pragmatism, not ideology alone, should guide banking policy. A separate, decades-earlier article on economic planning argued that ownership matters less than control, approvingly quoting a British socialist writer who said not everything need be socialized at once. Name the minister criticized in the first piece and the British socialist writer quoted in the second.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:nani-palkhivala-on-socialism", "musings:planning-by-minoo-masani-1945" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:nani-palkhivala-on-socialism": [ "p-420a9f", "p-1f1f68" ], "musings:planning-by-minoo-masani-1945": [ "p-622cee" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Asoka Mehta", "G.D.H. Cole" ] }, "rationale": "The minister's name appears only in the banking article and the socialist writer's name only in the planning article, so both sources are needed to answer both halves.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0129", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "Two political figures both worked closely with the founder of the Swatantra party: one was invited by him to serve as the party's president for a decade, while the other, before entering politics, founded an English-language daily newspaper in 1921 and later became the first chief minister of a newly formed state. Name the university that today bears the name of the first figure, and name the state whose first chief minister was the second.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:acharya-n-g-ranga-the-farmers-friend-and-swatantra-party-stalwart", "musings:tanguturi-prakasam-panthulu-a-visionary-leader-and-pioneer-of-press-freedom" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:acharya-n-g-ranga-the-farmers-friend-and-swatantra-party-stalwart": [ "p-7c8626", "p-6d6eb8" ], "musings:tanguturi-prakasam-panthulu-a-visionary-leader-and-pioneer-of-press-freedom": [ "p-bc597c", "p-142e7b" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University", "Andhra State" ] }, "rationale": "The university name is stated only in the Ranga profile and the state name only in the Prakasam profile, so a correct answer must draw on both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0130", "tier": "A", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One recollection of Hindi cinema noted that heroes before a certain era were drawn from a specific set of professions and were never businessmen, listing several examples of these professions. A separate commentary on India's economic reforms named the governing economic philosophy that provided the ideological justification for restricting business freedom after independence. Name one of the non-business professions listed in the first account, and name the economic philosophy described in the second.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:bollywood-and-cultural-change-in-attitude", "primary-works:role-of-ideology-in-indias-liberalisation" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:bollywood-and-cultural-change-in-attitude": [ "p-72693d" ], "primary-works:role-of-ideology-in-indias-liberalisation": [ "p-25ee1a" ] }, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [ "Joshis", "Nehruvian consensus" ] }, "rationale": "The list of pre-businessman film professions appears only in the Bollywood recollection and the named policy consensus only in the ideology commentary, so both are required.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0131", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Freedom First's issue No. 58 (March 1957), how many years had Peter Fryer served as a British Communist Party member and Daily Worker correspondent before he witnessed the Hungarian revolution, as described in B. K. Desai's review of Hungarian Tragedy?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff058" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff058": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-mar1-1957.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "fourteen" ] }, "rationale": "The brief's article summary states Fryer was 'a fourteen-year British Communist Party member and Daily Worker correspondent'; the figure is only recoverable by reading the review.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "fourteen" ] }, { "id": "il-0132", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the December 6, 1992 'Agitation Special Issue No. 2' of Shetkari Sanghatak, what English-language slogan appears among the Marathi and Hindi rallying cries collected on the slogan page?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-dec-6-1992" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-dec-6-1992": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/shetkari-sanghatak/shetkari-sanghatak-dec-6-1992.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Government Hands off Economy" ] }, "rationale": "The slogan page's key point names 'Government Hands off Economy' as the English-language slogan among the Marathi/Hindi rallying cries; it is the one distinctive verbatim phrase given.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0133", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In N. A. Palkhivala's 1961 Forum of Free Enterprise booklet on the Income-tax Bill, which provision does he identify as the most dangerous innovation, for making directors, shareholders and even their heirs personally liable for a private company's unpaid tax?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:income-tax-penalises-honest-taxpayers-n-a-palkhivala-august-7-1961" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:income-tax-penalises-honest-taxpayers-n-a-palkhivala-august-7-1961": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/income-tax-penalises-honest-taxpayers-n-a-palkhivala-august-7-1961.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Clause 179" ] }, "rationale": "The key points single out Clause 179 as 'the most dangerous innovation' piercing the corporate veil; the clause number is only in the source.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0134", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Jiban K. Mukhopadhyay's 1988 Forum of Free Enterprise pamphlet on the privatisation phenomenon, who does he credit as the 'father of nationalisation' behind the post-war British model?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-privatisation-phenomenon-jiban-k-mukhopadhyay-july-1988" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-privatisation-phenomenon-jiban-k-mukhopadhyay-july-1988": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/the-privatisation-phenomenon-jiban-k-mukhopadhyay-july-1988.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Herbert Morrison" ] }, "rationale": "The key points name Herbert Morrison as the 'father of nationalisation' behind the post-war British model; the attribution is a distinctive fact from the pamphlet's summary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0135", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Freedom First No. 204 (May 1969), Milovan Djilas's essay 'Russia In 1984' cites two years as evidence that world Communism had already fractured into national movements — Yugoslavia's break and China's schism. What are those two years?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff204" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff204": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-may1-1969.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "1948", "1963" ] }, "rationale": "The article summary cites 'Yugoslavia's 1948 break and China's 1963 schism' as Djilas's evidence for Communism's fracture; both years are only findable by reading the piece.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "1948", "1963" ] }, { "id": "il-0136", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Freedom First No. 279 (February 1976), M. R. Masani's reproduced letter to Indira Gandhi traces her Lok Sabha misquotation of him to a distorted rendering published in New Age. On what date was that New Age article published?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff279" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff279": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-feb1-1976.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "14 April 1974" ] }, "rationale": "The article text gives 'a distorted New Age (14 April 1974) rendering' as the source of the misquotation; the exact date proves the source was read.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "14 April 1974" ] }, { "id": "il-0137", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In S. A. Sapre's 1982 Forum of Free Enterprise pamphlet on productivity in Japan, how many worker suggestions did Nissan's quality control circles generate in 1980?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:productivity-in-japan-lessons-for-india-s-a-sapre-october-16-1982" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:productivity-in-japan-lessons-for-india-s-a-sapre-october-16-1982": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/productivity-in-japan-lessons-for-india-s-a-sapre-october-16-1982.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "1.12 million" ] }, "rationale": "The key points state Nissan's circles generated '1.12 million worker suggestions in 1980, ~80% accepted'; the exact figure is a distinctive, source-only fact.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0138", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In 'The Economic & Social History of Continental Europe & Britain, c. 1000-1914: An Introductory, Annotated Reading-List for Economists,' what term does the anonymous compiler use for the period from 1815 to 1914 that readers are urged to appreciate?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-economic-and-social-history-of-continental-europe-and-britain-c-1000-1914-an-introductory-annota" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-economic-and-social-history-of-continental-europe-and-britain-c-1000-1914-an-introductory-annota": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/liberals/the-economic-and-social-history-of-continental-europe-and-britain-c-1000-1914-an-introductory-annota.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Golden Century" ] }, "rationale": "The summary quotes the compiler urging readers to appreciate 'the tremendous significance of the Golden Century between 1815 & 1914'; the coined term is only in the source.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0139", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Freedom First's October 2009 issue (No. 508), which two earlier banned books does Keshav Rau's essay compare to the Gujarat ban of Jaswant Singh's Jinnah book?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff508" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff508": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-oct1-2009.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Lady Chatterley's Lover", "The Satanic Verses" ] }, "rationale": "The article summary states Rau 'contrasts bans on Lady Chatterley's Lover, The Satanic Verses, and James Laine's Shivaji book with the Jaswant Singh ban'; the two titled works are unambiguous, verbatim answers.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "Lady Chatterley's Lover", "The Satanic Verses" ] }, { "id": "il-0140", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "Who edited The Indian Libertarian for the Libertarian Social Institute, Bombay, in its October 15, 1959 issue (Vol. VII No. 18)?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-oct15-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-oct15-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-oct15-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Kusum Lotwala" ] }, "rationale": "The summary names the editor as 'Miss Kusum Lotwala for the Libertarian Social Institute, Bombay'; the editor's name is a distinctive, verifiable fact from the masthead.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0141", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In The Indian Libertarian's 1 December 1959 issue, the contributor writing under the pseudonym 'Democrat' blames the country's drift toward bankruptcy partly on a Third Plan target designed by which economist, and what was that Rupee-crore figure?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-dec1-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-dec1-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-dec1-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Mahalanobis", "10,000" ] }, "rationale": "The 'Democrat' article names Mahalanobis and the Rs. 10,000 crore Third Plan target as the cause of the bankruptcy charge; both figures are stated only in this issue's summary of that piece.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0142", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In M. R. Masani's editorial 'The Lady and the Elephant' in Freedom First No. 293 (April 1977), what June 1975 court verdict does he cite as the origin of the crisis, and what phrase does he use to describe Indira Gandhi's subsequent refusal to resign?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff293" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff293": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-apr1-1977.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Allahabad High Court", "constitutional coup" ] }, "rationale": "Masani's editorial names the Allahabad High Court's June 1975 verdict and calls Gandhi's response a 'constitutional coup d'etat'; both are unique to this issue's summary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0143", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In the 6 December 1994 issue of Shetkari Sanghatak, where exactly (village and district) did police open fire on protesting farmers, as reported in that issue?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-dec-6-1994" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-dec-6-1994": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/shetkari-sanghatak/shetkari-sanghatak-dec-6-1994.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Hiwari", "Yavatmal" ] }, "rationale": "The issue's reportage names Hiwari village in Yavatmal district as the site of the police firing; the place-names are the only mechanically checkable facts here.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0144", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Prof. L. G. Bapat's 1975 Forum of Free Enterprise pamphlet on LIC policyholders, what mortality table, and from what years, does he say LIC still bases its premium tariffs on?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:consumers-of-a-state-monopoly-lic-policyholders-ptof-l-g-bapat-15-january-1975" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:consumers-of-a-state-monopoly-lic-policyholders-ptof-l-g-bapat-15-january-1975": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/consumers-of-a-state-monopoly-lic-policyholders-ptof-l-g-bapat-15-january-1975.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Oriental", "1925-35" ] }, "rationale": "Bapat identifies LIC's obsolete pricing basis as the Oriental (1925-35) Ultimate Mortality Table, a fact stated only in this pamphlet's summary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0145", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In The Indian Libertarian's 15 December 1962 issue, the Delhi Letter reports Jayaprakash Narayan calling for which Cabinet minister's resignation, and for the formation of what?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-dec15-1962" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-dec15-1962": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-dec15-1962.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Krishna Menon", "war cabinet" ] }, "rationale": "The Delhi Letter names Krishna Menon's resignation and a war cabinet as Jayaprakash Narayan's demands, unique to this issue.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0146", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In A. D. Shroff's 1958 address 'Two Years of Achievement' to the Forum of Free Enterprise, which two former Finance Ministers does he say there is a 'strong case' for impeaching over the country's economic condition?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:two-years-of-achievement-a-d-shroff-1958" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:two-years-of-achievement-a-d-shroff-1958": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/two-years-of-achievement-a-d-shroff-1958.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Deshmukh", "Krishnamachari" ] }, "rationale": "Shroff names C. D. Deshmukh and T. T. Krishnamachari as the ex-Finance Ministers he would impeach; the surnames appear only in this address's summary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0147", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In A. D. Shroff's 1961 pamphlet 'Industrial Finance and Investment in India', to what price did Tata Iron and Steel Company's Rs. 30 deferred shares rise during the First World War, and what percentage of profits does Shroff say Section 23-A(1) of the income-tax law forces closely-held companies to distribute?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:industrial-finance-and-investment-in-india-a-d-shroff-october-5-1961" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:industrial-finance-and-investment-in-india-a-d-shroff-october-5-1961": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/industrial-finance-and-investment-in-india-a-d-shroff-october-5-1961.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "1,600", "50%" ] }, "rationale": "The pamphlet's summary gives both the Rs. 1,600 peak price of the deferred shares and the 50% forced-distribution rate under Section 23-A(1).", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0148", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Nittoor Srinivasa Rao's 'Integrity in National Life' (delivered as the A. D. Shroff Memorial Lecture), which two classical works — one Indian, one Greek — does he cite to frame integrity as a universal problem of organised life?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:integrity-national-life-nittoor-srinivasa-rao-1971" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:integrity-national-life-nittoor-srinivasa-rao-1971": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/integrity-national-life-nittoor-srinivasa-rao-1971.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Arthasastra", "Frogs" ] }, "rationale": "Rao opens by citing Kautilya's Arthasastra and Aristophanes' 'The Frogs', a pairing unique to this lecture's summary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0149", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In The Indian Libertarian's 1 July 1959 issue, whose banned Polish student-paper piece, reprinted from the New Leader of New York, appears in translation, and what is its title?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jul1-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jul1-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-jul1-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Kolakowski", "What Is Socialism" ] }, "rationale": "The issue reprints Leszek Kolakowski's 'What Is Socialism?' from the New Leader of New York; author and title are stated only in this issue's summary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0150", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In A. D. Shroff's 1960 lecture 'Controls in a Planned Economy', how many Dodge cars does he say scarce foreign exchange was diverted to import for ministers and officials, and whose 'laws' does he invoke to characterise bureaucratic growth?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:controls-in-a-planned-economy-a-d-shroff-november-8-1960" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:controls-in-a-planned-economy-a-d-shroff-november-8-1960": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/controls-in-a-planned-economy-a-d-shroff-november-8-1960.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "160", "Parkinson" ] }, "rationale": "Shroff cites the diversion of foreign exchange for 160 Dodge cars and invokes Northcote Parkinson's laws; both facts are unique to this lecture's summary.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0151", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "According to Indian Liberals' summary of Freedom First issue No. 436 (January–March 1998), which finance minister's 1997-98 budget does the issue credit, alongside the United Front coalition's Common Minimum Programme, with sustaining reform momentum despite coalition instability?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff436" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff436": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jan1-1998.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Chidambaram", "dream budget" ] }, "rationale": "Jiban K. Mukhopadhyay's contribution to Freedom First No. 436 names P. Chidambaram's 1997-98 'dream budget' as sustaining reform momentum amid coalition instability; this is a single fact stated in the brief's summary and key points.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0152", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In J. M. Lobo Prabhu's 1972 Forum of Free Enterprise pamphlet 'A Job-Oriented Fifth Five-Year Plan', how many hectares of idle and waste land does he identify as developable for agriculture, and which state government's 'Standing Offer of Work' programme does he hold up as a model the Fifth Plan should generalise?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:a-job-oriented-fifth-year-plan-j-m-lobo-prabhu-september-15-1972" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:a-job-oriented-fifth-year-plan-j-m-lobo-prabhu-september-15-1972": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/a-job-oriented-fifth-year-plan-j-m-lobo-prabhu-september-15-1972.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "16.6 million", "Maharashtra" ] }, "rationale": "The brief's key points state 16.6 million hectares of idle and waste land are identified as developable, and the Maharashtra Government's Standing Offer of Work programme is held up as a constitutional model — both facts in a single key point of the brief.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0153", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "According to Indian Liberals' summary of the Swatantra Party's 1959 Statement of Principles, how many numbered principles does the document contain, and what does Principle 19 commit the party to uphold regarding the courts?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:statement-of-principles-of-the-swatantra-party-aug2-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:statement-of-principles-of-the-swatantra-party-aug2-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/swatantra-party/statement-of-principles-of-the-swatantra-party-aug2-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "twenty-one", "judicial review" ] }, "rationale": "The brief states the Statement is organised as twenty-one numbered principles, and Principle 19 commits the party to the rule of law and full play of judicial review — both explicit in the brief's key points.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0154", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Freedom First issue No. 468 (January–March 2006), Sharad Bailur defends universal suffrage against whose proposed restriction of the vote to the educated, and what alternative electoral system does he propose to restore single-party majorities?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff468" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff468": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jan1-2006.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Palkhivala", "two-round" ] }, "rationale": "The brief's key points state Bailur defends universal suffrage against Nani Palkhivala's proposed literacy restriction while proposing a two-round electoral runoff system, both in the same sentence of the source material.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0155", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Freedom First issue No. 223 (December 1970), C. S. Venkatachar's essay 'Article 356 - Use And Abuse' traces the provision to which section of the 1935 Government of India Act, and which state's 1951 case does he cite among the provision's earliest invocations?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff223" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff223": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-dec1-1970.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Section 93", "Punjab" ] }, "rationale": "The brief's key points state Venkatachar traces Article 356 to Section 93 of the 1935 Government of India Act and lists Punjab (1951) among its earliest invocations.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "Punjab" ] }, { "id": "il-0156", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Kiran Nanda's 1995 Forum of Free Enterprise booklet 'Foreign Capital', what were FDI approvals in rupees for 1991 and for 1994, according to the figures she cites?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:foreign-capital-by-kiran-nanda-december-17-1995" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:foreign-capital-by-kiran-nanda-december-17-1995": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/foreign-capital-by-kiran-nanda-december-17-1995.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Rs.5.3", "Rs.118.6" ] }, "rationale": "The brief's key points state FDI approvals rose from Rs.5.3 bn (1991) to Rs.118.6 bn (1994), a single verbatim figure pair from the source.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0157", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Prof. R. J. Taraporevala's 1960 pamphlet on the Finance Act's new company tax scheme, what tax rate range does he recommend as a single flat non-refundable tax on gross corporate profits, and which penal super-tax section does he recommend abolishing along with it?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:new-company-tax-scheme-prof-r-j-taraporevala-feb8-1960" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:new-company-tax-scheme-prof-r-j-taraporevala-feb8-1960": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/new-company-tax-scheme-prof-r-j-taraporevala-feb8-1960.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "35 and 40 percent", "Section 23A" ] }, "rationale": "The brief's final key point states Taraporevala recommends a flat tax of between 35 and 40 percent alongside abolition of Section 23A and the bonus issue tax, both in the same sentence of the source.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0158", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In M. A. Master's 1959 Forum of Free Enterprise lecture 'Indian Shipping: Its Struggles and Achievements', whose 1923 attempt to buy out the Scindia Steam Navigation Company does he recount, and in what year does he say the Visakhapatnam Shipbuilding Yard was founded by Walchand?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:indian-shipping-m-a-master-sept6-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:indian-shipping-m-a-master-sept6-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/indian-shipping-m-a-master-sept6-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Lord Inchcape", "1941" ] }, "rationale": "The brief's key points name Lord Inchcape's failed 1923 buyout attempt of the Scindia Steam Navigation Company and the 1941 founding of the Visakhapatnam Shipbuilding Yard by Walchand.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0159", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "In Freedom First issue No. 531 (September 2011), the cover pairs Anna Hazare's Ram Lila rally with an older image of which leader addressing crowds in 1975, and what is the title of D. S. Ranga Rao's article comparing the two Lokpal bills?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff531" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff531": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-sep1-2011.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Jayaprakash Narayan", "Depends on Who's Asking" ] }, "rationale": "The brief states the cover pairs Hazare's rally with an older image of Jayaprakash Narayan addressing crowds in 1975, and lists D. S. Ranga Rao's article titled 'Two Lokpal Bills: Which is Better? Depends on Who's Asking.'", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0160", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "single", "question": "According to Freedom First issue No. 438 (July–September 1998), on what date did the magazine's founder, Minoo Masani, die?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff438" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff438": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jul1-1998.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "May 27, 1998" ] }, "rationale": "The brief's summary and key points state the issue marks Minoo Masani's death on May 27, 1998, a single unambiguous date fact.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0161", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 2002 lecture surveying the challenges facing India's newly liberalised insurance sector reported that worldwide insurance premiums totalled how many billion US dollars in the year 2000?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-challenges-before-the-insurance-industry-in-india-g-n-bajpai-2002" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-challenges-before-the-insurance-industry-in-india-g-n-bajpai-2002": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/the-challenges-before-the-insurance-industry-in-india-g-n-bajpai-2002.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "2,443.7" ] }, "rationale": "The figure US$2,443.7bn in worldwide premiums for 2000 is stated only in this work's global benchmarking passage; the question describes the lecture's subject without naming its title or speaker.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0162", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A critique of foreign-aid orthodoxy pointed to two pieces of Indian infrastructure built through private investment rather than subsidised public capital as historical counter-examples. What were they?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:reflections-on-foreign-aid-prof-p-tbauer-july-10-1970" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:reflections-on-foreign-aid-prof-p-tbauer-july-10-1970": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/reflections-on-foreign-aid-prof-p-tbauer-july-10-1970.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Indian Railways", "Calcutta Tramways" ] }, "rationale": "Indian Railways and Calcutta Tramways are cited only in this lecture's argument about private capital outperforming subsidised public capital; the question omits the speaker's name and the title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0163", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 2003 lecture on shifts reshaping Indian financial services coined a new category tied to the 9/11 attacks and the India-Pakistan military tensions of May 2002. What did it name that category?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:financing-the-changing-paradigm-in-india-uday-kotak-august-6-2003" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:financing-the-changing-paradigm-in-india-uday-kotak-august-6-2003": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/financing-the-changing-paradigm-in-india-uday-kotak-august-6-2003.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "event risk" ] }, "rationale": "The term 'event risk' as a CEO concern arising from 9/11 and the 2002 India-Pakistan tensions appears only in this lecture; the question avoids the speaker's name, the title, and the memorial-lecture series.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0164", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In the wake of the Fukushima disaster, an editor explained that planned articles on a specific Indian nuclear power project would still run, while calling for calm, dispassionate debate. Which project was it?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff526" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff526": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-apr1-2011.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Jaitapur" ] }, "rationale": "The editorial's explanation for continuing to cover the Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project despite Fukushima is specific to this issue; the question names neither the periodical nor its editor.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0165", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A commentary on a 1988 amendment to India's tax code objected to a provision that widened the definition of 'income' to tax employee allowances retroactively. From what date did that retrospective change take effect?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:analysis-of-direct-tax-laws-amendment-bill-dinesh-vyas-1988" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:analysis-of-direct-tax-laws-amendment-bill-dinesh-vyas-1988": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/analysis-of-direct-tax-laws-amendment-bill-dinesh-vyas-1988.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "1 April 1962" ] }, "rationale": "The retrospective effective date of 1 April 1962 for the Section 2(24) 'income' widening is specific to this commentary; the question avoids the author's name and the bill's formal title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0166", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An August 1961 editorial accused Nehru of granting Pakistan a specific sum under the Canal Waters agreement even while indulging its complaints about Indian rearmament. How much was it?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-aug1-1961" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-aug1-1961": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-aug1-1961.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Rs. 83 crores" ] }, "rationale": "The Rs. 83 crore figure under the Canal Waters agreement appears only in this issue's editorial; the question does not name the periodical or any bylined writer.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0167", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 2018 memorial lecture on employing youth with disabilities described a Chennai pilot placing cashiers with speech and hearing impairments, who were preferred by a striking share of surveyed consumers over speaking cashiers. What was that share?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:giving-is-receiving-mrs-meera-shenoy" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:giving-is-receiving-mrs-meera-shenoy": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/giving-is-receiving-mrs-meera-shenoy.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "97%" ] }, "rationale": "The 97% consumer-preference figure from the Chennai cashier pilot is unique to this lecture; the question omits the speaker's name and the lecture's title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0168", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1964 talk on the legal position of Indian company directors cited an Allahabad High Court ruling that let courts treat a parent and subsidiary as a single enterprise, holding the holding company's directors liable for the subsidiary's losses. Which businessman was the defendant named in that case?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:rights-duties-and-obligations-n-k-petigara-jun10-1964" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:rights-duties-and-obligations-n-k-petigara-jun10-1964": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/rights-duties-and-obligations-n-k-petigara-jun10-1964.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Haridas Mundhra" ] }, "rationale": "The Life Insurance Corporation v. Haridas Mundhra case is discussed only in this talk's account of directors' liability; the question names neither the speaker nor the talk's title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0169", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A September 1972 periodical column recounted the suppression of an independent Elphinstone College student magazine after its first issue included a story on abortion. What was that magazine called?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff244" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff244": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-sep1-1972.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Experiment" ] }, "rationale": "The suppressed Elphinstone magazine 'Experiment' is named only in this issue's student-press column; the question avoids the periodical's name and the columnist's byline.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0170", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1989 lecture arguing that mere majority rule is not true democracy attributed to a particular writer the memorable description of sham elections in African autocracies as amounting to one vote, cast only once. Who was that writer?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-essence-of-democracy-minoo-masani" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-essence-of-democracy-minoo-masani": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/other-publications/the-essence-of-democracy-minoo-masani.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Elspeth Huxley" ] }, "rationale": "The Elspeth Huxley attribution for the 'one man one vote, once' line is specific to this lecture's argument against majority rule; the question omits the speaker's name and the lecture's title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0171", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "In 1963, an editorial condemned a Congress revitalisation scheme that had six Central Ministers and six Chief Ministers resign, warning it concentrated power in the hands of one person. Whose removal as Finance Minister did the piece single out as especially reckless given India's financial situation, and which historical figure's appeasement policy did it compare the Prime Minister's foreign policy to?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff136" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff136": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-sep1-1963.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Morarji Desai", "Chamberlain" ] }, "rationale": "Both facts come only from the lead editorial in this issue; neither the scheme nor the document is named in the question.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0172", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1972 pamphlet reprinted from a Financial Express series argued that India's black money problem stemmed from confiscatory tax rates and the licence-permit system rather than any inherent dishonesty. It criticised a government committee for leaving an income-tax exemption limit unchanged despite a sharp rise in the wholesale price index, and pointed to a foreign example that could inspire a fix for tax evasion in housing. Whose alternative, higher exemption figure did it endorse, and which country's construction tax holiday did it cite as a model?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:wanchoo-committee-report-on-black-money-h-p-ranina" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:wanchoo-committee-report-on-black-money-h-p-ranina": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/wanchoo-committee-report-on-black-money-h-p-ranina.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bhoothalingam", "French" ] }, "rationale": "Bhoothalingam's exemption figure and the French tax-holiday comparison appear only in this pamphlet's discussion of the committee's recommendations.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0173", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1965 booklet based on a talk given at an international symposium in Turkey argued that developing countries dismiss the price mechanism for dogmatic, ideological reasons rather than sound economics. It named one Indian economist as the lone prominent voice consistently defending the price mechanism, in contrast to a more equivocal colleague. Who was praised as that lone defender, and which economist did the piece describe as comparatively equivocal on the same question?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:efficient-planning-in-a-democratic-society-f-a-mehta-aug10-1965" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:efficient-planning-in-a-democratic-society-f-a-mehta-aug10-1965": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/efficient-planning-in-a-democratic-society-f-a-mehta-aug10-1965.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Shenoy", "Dantwala" ] }, "rationale": "The Shenoy/Dantwala contrast is a specific claim unique to this essay's survey of Indian economists on the price mechanism.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0174", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1984 magazine issue included a historical profile of a Parsi merchant-philanthropist who made his fortune through hazardous trade voyages to China and later funded major civic and educational institutions in colonial Bombay, treating wealth as a personal 'trust' in a way the writer compared to a later Gandhian idea. Which two institutions did the piece credit him with founding?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff373" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff373": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-mar1-1984.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "J. J. School of Art", "J. J. Hospital" ] }, "rationale": "Only this profile lists these two institutions as the philanthropist's foundations; the subject is described but never named.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0175", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1956 magazine issue reprinted, in abridged form from an American magazine, an open letter to a novelist reacting to Khrushchev's 'secret speech' about Stalin's crimes, urging him to recognise his anguished self-criticism as something more than routine dissent. From which New York magazine was the letter reprinted, and to which novelist was it addressed?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff052" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff052": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-sep1-1956.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "New Leader", "Howard Fast" ] }, "rationale": "The reprint source and addressee are stated only in this open letter's own text within the issue.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "New Leader" ] }, { "id": "il-0176", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A satirical poem printed in a 1972 magazine, reprinted from a student technical magazine and set to the tune of a well-known song, mocked the disruption and expense of a Prime Ministerial visit to a college's convocation -- helipads built over sports grounds, buildings repainted, and restricted parent attendance. Which student publication was the poem originally printed in, and to what song's tune was it set?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff246" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff246": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-nov1-1972.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Technik", "My Favourite Things" ] }, "rationale": "The originating student magazine and the parody's borrowed tune are named only in this issue's verse item.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "Technik", "My Favourite Things" ] }, { "id": "il-0177", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A booklet assessing a Union Budget presented in late February 1989 argued it left India's two core fiscal problems untouched. Which finance minister presented that budget, and what was the size of the budgetary deficit it reported, in crores of rupees?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:union-budget-of-1989-90-provides-no-remedies-for-economic-ills-by-hp-ranina-april-12-1989" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:union-budget-of-1989-90-provides-no-remedies-for-economic-ills-by-hp-ranina-april-12-1989": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/union-budget-of-1989-90-provides-no-remedies-for-economic-ills-by-hp-ranina-april-12-1989.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Chavan", "7,337" ] }, "rationale": "The finance minister's name and the precise deficit figure are given only in this booklet's fiscal analysis of the 1989-90 budget.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0178", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1959 fortnightly journal carried an essay arguing education had become a department of the state under both communist and fascist patterns. It praised Gandhi alongside two other independent Indian educators for staying outside government-recognised schooling. Name the other two educators singled out for praise.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jul15-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jul15-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-jul15-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Tagore", "Sri Aurobindo" ] }, "rationale": "This trio of praised educators appears only in this issue's essay on creative education.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0179", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A booklet reviewing a Union Budget presented in early 1993 forecast it would set the economy on course for dramatic growth, citing a sharply reduced deficit as the lowest in India's fiscal history. What was that budgetary deficit figure, in crores of rupees, and by what year did the piece predict full convertibility of the rupee on the capital account?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-union-budget-1993-94-laying-the-foundation-for-an-economic-miracle-by-hp-ranina-april-13-1993" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-union-budget-1993-94-laying-the-foundation-for-an-economic-miracle-by-hp-ranina-april-13-1993": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/the-union-budget-1993-94-laying-the-foundation-for-an-economic-miracle-by-HP-ranina-april-13-1993.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "4,314", "1998" ] }, "rationale": "The record-low deficit figure and the convertibility-timeline forecast are specific claims found only in this booklet.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0180", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 2012 anniversary issue of a long-running Indian liberal magazine, marking sixty years since its founding by a well-known political figure, carried an essay examining whether a proposed anti-terrorism body threatened the constitutional balance between the Union government and the states. Name the body examined, and the year in which the magazine was founded.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff540" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff540": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jun1-2012.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "NCTC", "1952" ] }, "rationale": "The federalism essay's subject and the magazine's founding year both appear only in this 60th-anniversary issue.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0181", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A pamphlet opposing a newly imposed tax on personal fortunes warned that strict enforcement would turn tax inspectors into something like a repressive police force rummaging through citizens' own homes. What memorable term did the pamphlet use for this feared outcome, and what wealth threshold did it set below which a Hindu joint family would owe nothing under the new tax?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:wealth-tax-january-1-1970" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:wealth-tax-january-1-1970": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/wealth-tax-january-1-1970.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Police Raj", "Rs. 3 lakhs" ] }, "rationale": "Only this pamphlet's enforcement warning is framed as a 'Police Raj', and its Rs. 3 lakh HUF exemption is a specific figure stated once in the source.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0182", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A conference on cultural freedom held in Rangoon in February 1955 opened with an inaugural address from the city's mayor, who warned that the expanding welfare state's planning apparatus risked becoming 'a new form of imperialism.' Who was this mayor, and how many countries were represented among the conference's delegates?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff034" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff034": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-mar1-1955.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "U Ba Nyunt", "twelve" ] }, "rationale": "The issue's report on the Rangoon conference names U Ba Nyunt as the inaugural speaker and states delegates came from twelve countries — both facts unique to this issue's coverage.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0183", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "At a 1959 meeting in Bangalore that helped launch a new non-Socialist opposition party, a speaker quoted a West German economics minister's slogan calling for the state to 'let the men and the money loose.' Name that minister, and give the year of the national election the speakers said this new opposition needed to be ready for.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:for-freedom-farm-and-family-m-a-sreenivasan-aug7-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:for-freedom-farm-and-family-m-a-sreenivasan-aug7-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/for-freedom-farm-and-family-m-a-sreenivasan-aug7-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Erhard", "1962" ] }, "rationale": "The Erhard quotation and the 1962-election target are both stated once, in the speech surveying the case for a new Middleclass Front/Small Man's Party.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0184", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 2012 editorial responding to a wave of corruption and misgovernance stories proposed a four-front strategy to fight it, while also criticising that year's Union Budget over a controversial tax anti-avoidance rule. Name the acronym for that rule, and name either of the two authors whose paper on national peril and the criminalisation of politics the editorial also referenced.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff539" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff539": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-may1-2012.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "GAAR", "Khumbhojkar" ] }, "rationale": "The GAAR criticism and the Athale/Khumbhojkar paper reference both appear in this issue's editorial and nowhere else in the corpus in this combination.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0185", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1984 book review argued that a futurist's vision of decentralised, 'electronic cottage' economies amounted to a modernised version of Mahatma Gandhi's ideals, coining a term for this synthesis that the reviewer said would replace Marxism. Whose book was under review, and what term did the reviewer coin?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff374" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff374": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-apr1-1984.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Toffler", "Neo-Gandhism" ] }, "rationale": "The review of Toffler's The Third Wave and its coined label 'Neo-Gandhism' are unique to this issue's book-review section.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0186", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1998 memorial lecture on India's chronic underinvestment in infrastructure proposed tradable pollution permits sized to a city's absorptive capacity, illustrating the idea with a numeric example for one city. Which city did the lecture use as its example, and how many individual 1-kilogram permits would be issued under its proposed emissions cap?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:infrastructure-public-goods-and-markets-kirit-s-parekh" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:infrastructure-public-goods-and-markets-kirit-s-parekh": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/infrastructure-public-goods-and-markets-kirit-s-parekh.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Mumbai", "100,000" ] }, "rationale": "The Mumbai emissions-permit example with its 100,000-permit figure is a specific illustrative number given only in this lecture.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0187", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A June 1971 essay on press freedom, prompted by a Prime Minister's talk of a 'committed' press, cited newspaper circulation figures to argue that India's coverage gap reflected low literacy rather than editorial bias. What circulation figure per 1000 population did the essay give for Indian newspapers, and which East Asian country did it cite as having a much higher figure?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff229" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff229": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jun1-1971.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "15 per 1000", "Japan" ] }, "rationale": "The 15-per-1000 circulation figure and the Japan comparison appear together only in this issue's press-freedom essay.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "15 per 1000", "Japan" ] }, { "id": "il-0188", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A December 1954 essay accused an anonymous Times of India columnist of selectively quoting Western anti-Communist writers to make them look foolish. What was the columnist's real name behind the pseudonym, and what was the pseudonym itself?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff031" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff031": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-dec1-1954.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Sham Lal", "Adib" ] }, "rationale": "The unmasking of 'Adib' as Sham Lal is a specific reveal made only in this issue's polemical essay.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0189", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A March 1970 legal commentary on a Supreme Court ruling that struck down a bank-nationalisation law closed by crediting two people's skilled advocacy for bringing the constitutional issues before the Court — one a doctor who filed the case, the other a leading lawyer who argued it. Name both individuals.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff214" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff214": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-mar1-1970.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "R. C. Cooper", "Palkhivala" ] }, "rationale": "The closing credit to Dr. R. C. Cooper and Palkhivala is a specific detail from this issue's bank-nationalisation analysis.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "R. C. Cooper", "Palkhivala" ] }, { "id": "il-0190", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A January 1953 report on a scientist's presidential address to a British science association cited India's First Five-Year Plan data to argue that public-health gains, without matching investment in education, could create ethically troubling population pressure. What annual population growth figure did the address cite for India, and out of what total population?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff008" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff008": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jan1-1953.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "5 million", "360 million" ] }, "rationale": "The 5-million annual growth against a 360-million population base is a specific statistic given only in this issue's excerpted address.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "5 million", "360 million" ] }, { "id": "il-0191", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "Which country's disputed frontier did a 1961 speech use as an analogy for the unpredictable, shifting line between public and private enterprise in Indian industry, and what average pre-tax profit rate did it quote for the public-sector companies under discussion?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:economic-progress-demands-attention-to-private-enterprise-and-scientific-management-by-dr--kk-das-may-8-1961" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:economic-progress-demands-attention-to-private-enterprise-and-scientific-management-by-dr--kk-das-may-8-1961": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/economic-progress-demands-attention-to-private-enterprise-and-scientific-management-by-dr.-kk-das-may-8-1961.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Indo-Chinese border", "2.77%" ] }, "rationale": "The Indo-Chinese-border analogy and the 2.77% pre-tax return figure are both distinctive to this 1961 speech's critique of the public-private boundary, and neither the title nor the author's name appears in the question.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0192", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1993 lecture on India's banking reforms diagnosed the system that produced the previous year's securities scandal with a two-part label — one term about excessive administration, one about insufficient regulation. What were those two terms?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:financial-sector-reforms-the-unfinished-agenda-m-narasimhan-december-6-1993" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:financial-sector-reforms-the-unfinished-agenda-m-narasimhan-december-6-1993": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/financial-sector-reforms-the-unfinished-agenda-m-narasimhan-december-6-1993.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "over-administered", "underregulated" ] }, "rationale": "The 'over-administered but underregulated' diagnosis of the 1992 securities scam is a distinctive verbatim phrase from this lecture; the question describes it without naming the speaker, the lecture series, or the title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0193", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A reader-contributed piece in a January 1981 magazine on India's neglected cerebrally palsied population estimated the nationwide number of people living with the condition, and stated that government first recognised them as a disabled category eligible for assistance only in which month and year?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff337" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff337": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jan1-1981.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "8 million", "October 1980" ] }, "rationale": "The 8-million nationwide estimate and the October 1980 recognition date are specific to the 'Voices-1: The Spastics' piece in this issue; the question avoids the periodical's name, issue number, and the contributor's byline.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "8 million", "October 1980" ] }, { "id": "il-0194", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "A 1983 essay on the balance of power between the central government and the states argued that a licensing law, expanded through delegated notifications without any constitutional amendment, had brought what share of India's organised industry under Union control — and in what year had that law originally been enacted?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:centre-state-relations-a-broad-perspective-n-a-palkhivala-october-15-1983" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:centre-state-relations-a-broad-perspective-n-a-palkhivala-october-15-1983": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/centre-state-relations-a-broad-perspective-n-a-palkhivala-october-15-1983.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "93%", "1951" ] }, "rationale": "The 93% Union-control figure and the 1951 enactment year of the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act are distinctive to this essay's argument; the question omits the author's name and the essay's title.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0195", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "single", "question": "An obituary tribute in a December 2009 magazine described a recently deceased rationalist and debunker of godmen as a modern heir to which ancient Indian philosophical tradition, and named the magazine he himself had founded and run as what?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff510" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff510": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-dec1-2009.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Charvaka", "Indian Skeptic" ] }, "rationale": "The Charvaka-tradition framing and the Indian Skeptic magazine name are specific to the B. Premanand tribute in this issue; the question names neither the subject nor the periodical, issue number, or contributing author.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "Charvaka" ] }, { "id": "il-0196", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 2012 periodical issue carries a cover tribute to a renowned Indian mathematician, and a companion booklet on accountability in Indian public service, reprinted from magazine columns around the same period, names the specific constitutional article (by number) it blames for shielding civil servants from dismissal, and the wartime-era law it blames for entrenching bureaucratic secrecy in government. Name the mathematician honoured on the cover, the constitutional article number, and the law.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff536", "primary-works:accountability-in-public-sevice-n-vittal-february-4-2011" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff536": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-feb1-2012.pdf", "primary-works:accountability-in-public-sevice-n-vittal-february-4-2011": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/accountability-in-public-sevice-n-vittal-february-4-2011.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Ramanujan", "311", "Official Secrets Act" ] }, "rationale": "The Ramanujan cover tribute is unique to the February 2012 issue and the Article 311 / Official Secrets Act indictment is unique to the Vittal accountability booklet; a full answer needs both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0197", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One periodical issue from mid-1973 reprints, as a documentary exclusive, a Soviet physicist's postscript to an earlier memorandum he had addressed to a top Soviet leader without ever receiving a reply. A separate issue of the same kind of publication, from five years earlier, reports a Moscow trial of dissidents who had protested a Soviet-led invasion of a Central European country. Name the Soviet physicist and dissident, the Soviet leader to whom his postscript was addressed, and the country whose invasion the Moscow-tried dissidents were protesting.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff254", "primary-works:ff198" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff254": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jul1-1973.pdf", "primary-works:ff198": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-nov1-1968.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Sakharov", "Brezhnev", "Czechoslovakia" ] }, "rationale": "Sakharov's postscript to Brezhnev is unique to the July 1973 issue, and the Czechoslovakia-invasion trial report is unique to the November 1968 issue; both are needed for a full answer.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0198", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "An address delivered at an American business school, later reprinted for Indian free-enterprise readers, examines how Japan's labour practices differed from American norms and ties its lessons to a contemporary Indian government committee report on labour. A separate periodical piece from fifteen years earlier accuses Indian industrial planners of copying a foreign country's model of prioritising heavy industry over agriculture, crediting the model's introduction to a named Indian economist. Name the American business school where the address was delivered, the Indian government committee report the reprint's introduction ties it to, and the economist blamed for shaping India's heavy-industry-first planning.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-role-of-labour-in-japanese-economic-miracle-james-d-hodgson-june-14-1978", "primary-works:ff138" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-role-of-labour-in-japanese-economic-miracle-james-d-hodgson-june-14-1978": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/the-role-of-labour-in-japanese-economic-miracle-james-d-hodgson-june-14-1978.pdf", "primary-works:ff138": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-nov1-1963.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Wharton", "Bhootalingam", "Mahalanobis" ] }, "rationale": "The Wharton venue and Bhootalingam Committee reference are unique to the Hodgson pamphlet, and the Mahalanobis attribution for 'steel first' planning is unique to the 1963 Freedom First issue.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0199", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A Diwali-themed 1957 magazine article, written under a classical pseudonym, argues that democracy requires a new organised liberal party to oppose the ruling party. A 2002 speech given at the launch conclave of a newly formed liberal advocacy organisation, delivered by the regional director of a German political foundation, poses a strategic question about whether that organisation should become a political party or remain a pressure group, and situates it within a worldwide count of liberal parties spanning dozens of countries. Name the pseudonym under which the 1957 article was written, and state how many countries the 2002 speech says those liberal parties span.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-nov15-1957", "primary-works:address-first-national-convention-ilg-von-welck-2002" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-nov15-1957": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-nov15-1957.pdf", "primary-works:address-first-national-convention-ilg-von-welck-2002": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/indian-liberal-group/address-first-national-convention-ilg-von-welck-2002.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Chanakya", "67" ] }, "rationale": "The pseudonym 'Chanakya' is unique to the 1957 Diwali issue and the 67-country figure is unique to the von Welck convention address.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0200", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One lecture on the erosion of civil-service integrity is written by someone who is also listed among several prominent attendees at an international seminar on Third World development reported in a separate periodical issue from the same decade. That lecture traces the origin of a competitive entrance examination for the civil service to a specific year, while the periodical's seminar report names the Indian city that hosted the gathering. Give the year the competitive examination began, and name the host city of the seminar.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:transition-in-civil-services-by-bk-nehru-2000", "primary-works:ff311" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:transition-in-civil-services-by-bk-nehru-2000": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/transition-in-civil-services-by-bk-nehru-2000.pdf", "primary-works:ff311": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-oct1-1978.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "1853", "Srinagar" ] }, "rationale": "The 1853 examination date is unique to the B. K. Nehru lecture, and the Srinagar seminar location is unique to the October 1978 Freedom First issue in which he is listed as an attendee.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0201", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One work on Indian urban planning endorses a hierarchical neighbourhood-unit model borrowed from a specific planned Indian city, capping density at a stated number of persons per acre. A separate, undated paper on India's housing shortage argues that all of the country's officially approved special economic zones could fit inside the unused land of one district in a particular state. Name the planned city cited as the model in the first work along with its density cap, and name the state whose district could reportedly hold every sanctioned SEZ.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:whither-indian-urbanisation-f-p-antia-1977", "primary-works:bungalows-for-all-sauvik-chakraverti" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:whither-indian-urbanisation-f-p-antia-1977": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/whither-indian-urbanisation-f-p-antia-1977.pdf", "primary-works:bungalows-for-all-sauvik-chakraverti": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/liberals/bungalows-for-all-sauvik-chakraverti.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Chandigarh", "75", "Goa" ] }, "rationale": "The Chandigarh model with its 75-persons-per-acre cap is unique to the Antia urbanisation pamphlet, and the south Goa SEZ claim is unique to the Chakraverti paper.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0202", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A 1970 magazine essay opposing socialism in India cites the collapse of small banks following a nationalisation as evidence of the harm state control does to ordinary citizens. A separate, earlier prize-winning essay on the Indian constitution invokes a British judge's book about administrative overreach to characterise India's expanding system of tribunals exempt from ordinary courts. Name the year of the bank nationalisation cited in the 1970 essay, and name the British judge whose book on administrative overreach is invoked in the earlier essay.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff213", "primary-works:democracy-in-india-j-m-lobo-prabhu-may8-1960" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff213": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-feb1-1970.pdf", "primary-works:democracy-in-india-j-m-lobo-prabhu-may8-1960": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/democracy-in-india-j-m-lobo-prabhu-may8-1960.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "1969", "Hewett" ] }, "rationale": "The 1969 bank-nationalisation reference is unique to the Pai essay in Freedom First No. 213, and the Hewett 'New Despotism' citation is unique to the Lobo Prabhu constitutional essay.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0203", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A magazine editorial marking its own approaching twentieth anniversary quotes a well-known opposition leader's description of a specific constitutional amendment, by number, as a 'reactionary and totalitarian' step threatening press freedom. A separate 1960 leaflet on the press's dependence on economic liberty was written by someone who at the time edited a named Patna newspaper. Name the constitutional amendment number the editorial cites, and name the Patna newspaper the leaflet's author edited.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff236", "primary-works:a-free-press-is-linked-with-free-enterprise---a-free-society-by-dr-sachin-sen-june-8-1960" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff236": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jan1-1972.pdf", "primary-works:a-free-press-is-linked-with-free-enterprise---a-free-society-by-dr-sachin-sen-june-8-1960": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/a-free-press-is-linked-with-free-enterprise-&-a-free-society-by-dr-sachin-sen-june-8-1960.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "25th", "Indian Nation" ] }, "rationale": "The 25th Amendment citation is unique to the January 1972 Freedom First editorial, and the Indian Nation editorship is unique to the Sachin Sen leaflet.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0204", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "The introduction to a 1964 pocketbook of practical business essays, written by the sponsoring organisation's president, argues there is 'no royal path' to eliminating poverty and that raising production and productivity from existing resources is the essential prerequisite. That same organisation's fiftieth-anniversary retrospective, published decades later, names this person as its founder-leader and states the average annual GDP growth rate it says India achieved under the licence-permit regime between 1951 and 1980. Name the founder-leader, and give that GDP growth percentage.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:towards-greater-production-and-productivity-may-1964", "primary-works:golden-jubilee-1956-2006" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:towards-greater-production-and-productivity-may-1964": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/towards-greater-production-and-productivity-may-1964.pdf", "primary-works:golden-jubilee-1956-2006": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/golden-jubilee-1956-2006.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Shroff", "3.5" ] }, "rationale": "Naming Shroff as founder-leader and the 3.5% GDP growth figure both come only from the golden jubilee retrospective, while the pocketbook alone supplies the 'no royal path' introduction the question describes.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0205", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A March 1964 magazine article attacks new press-accreditation rules introduced by a specific Indian state government, arguing officials could use the rules to reward compliant journalists and punish critics. A speech delivered five years earlier under a business advocacy forum's auspices shows arithmetically that combined income-tax, super-tax and wealth-tax on someone with a stated amount of capital could exceed a specific percentage of that income. Name the Indian state (or its standard abbreviation) whose press-accreditation rules are criticised, and give the percentage the combined taxes are said to exceed.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-mar1-1964", "primary-works:a-drastic-budget-n-a-palkhivala-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-mar1-1964": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-mar1-1964.pdf", "primary-works:a-drastic-budget-n-a-palkhivala-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/a-drastic-budget-n-a-palkhivala-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "U.P.", "109" ] }, "rationale": "The U.P. accreditation-rules critique is unique to the March 1964 Indian Libertarian issue, and the 109 per cent tax-burden figure is unique to the Palkhivala budget speech.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0206", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 1994 account describes a farmers' movement renewing its campaign to shut down a government-protected liquor shop while also promoting a fully 'open', non-state economic order ahead of an upcoming convention. A separate booklet explains how a change in cooperative law freed voluntary local associations from a state registrar's sweeping powers over registration, bylaws and liquidation. In which district was the contested liquor shop located, and what court case does the booklet cite as having upheld the state's power to control cooperatives by statute?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-oct-6-1994", "primary-works:cooperatives-in-the-changing-economy-of-india" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-oct-6-1994": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/shetkari-sanghatak/shetkari-sanghatak-oct-6-1994.pdf", "primary-works:cooperatives-in-the-changing-economy-of-india": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/cooperatives-in-the-changing-economy-of-india.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Akola", "Daman Singh" ] }, "rationale": "The district name sits only in the periodical's liquor-shop report, and the case name sits only in the cooperatives booklet's legal section; both must be retrieved to answer either half.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0207", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One volume contains a review of a thirty-seven-essay anthology on libertarian thought, describing it as naming economists and philosophers such as Mises, Hazlitt, Friedman, Rothbard and Hospers among its contributors. A companion volume in the same anthology series contains a tribute to an Indian statesman, branding him a lone fighter against 'the cult of Nehruism' and contrasting his struggle against home-bred despotism with an earlier leader's fight against foreign rule. Who edited the anthology reviewed in the first volume, and who wrote the tribute in the second?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jan-1971-2", "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jan-1971" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jan-1971-2": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-jan-1971-2.pdf", "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jan-1971": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-jan-1971.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Machan", "Shroff" ] }, "rationale": "The anthology editor's name is only in Part II's book-review summary and the tribute's byline is only in Part III's contents, so both companion volumes must be read.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0208", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 1956 report describes a press conference at which secret Communist Party of India documents from its Fourth Congress were made public, including a closed-session speech responding to the 20th Congress of the Soviet Communist Party. A separate, much shorter piece -- a reproduced magazine article by a prominent anti-communist Indian liberal -- argues that India's foreign and security policy needed to abandon a longstanding habit of appeasement. Name the CPI leader who delivered the closed-session speech, and give the issue number of the magazine from which the appeasement article was reproduced.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff053", "primary-works:an-end-to-appeasement-m-r-masani" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff053": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-oct1-1956.pdf", "primary-works:an-end-to-appeasement-m-r-masani": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/an-end-to-appeasement-m-r-masani.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Ajoy Ghosh", "91" ] }, "rationale": "The CPI leader's name is only in the 1956 issue's editorial on the leaked documents, and the reproduced article's issue number is only in the short appeasement piece's own note on its origin.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "Ajoy Ghosh" ] }, { "id": "il-0209", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 1960s diagnostic report on a South Asian economy identifies an over-valued currency -- pegged at a fixed exchange rate since a specific year under colonial-era arrangements -- as one of three core problems, alongside a savings shortage and inflationary budget deficits. A separate 1990s commentary on an Indian Union Budget explains how new tax provisions aimed to expand the taxpayer base beyond a strikingly small existing total, in a country with a much larger middle class. In what year was that exchange rate originally fixed, and how many taxpayers did the existing base amount to before the reform?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:economic-situation-and-trends-in-ceylon-a-programme-of-reform", "primary-works:a-historic-budget-by-hp-ranina-april-13-1994" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:economic-situation-and-trends-in-ceylon-a-programme-of-reform": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/liberals/economic-situation-and-trends-in-ceylon-a-programme-of-reform.pdf", "primary-works:a-historic-budget-by-hp-ranina-april-13-1994": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/a-historic-budget-by-hp-ranina-april-13-1994.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "1925", "8-million" ] }, "rationale": "The currency's fixing year is stated only in the Ceylon diagnostic report and the pre-reform taxpayer count only in the Indian budget commentary, so both must be consulted.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0210", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One central banker's speech from the early 1970s argues that automatically issuing short-term government bills to cover budget deficits undermines the central bank's purpose, and proposes that any credit expansion above a threshold be debated openly in Parliament, following the practice of a specific other country. Around the same time, a set of public lectures on inflation includes one speaker's proposal for a scheme, referred to by a coined acronym, for demonetising high-denomination currency notes. Which country's practice does the central banker's speech recommend as a parliamentary model, and what is the coined name of the demonetisation scheme?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:whither-central-banking-h-v-r-iyengar-december-1972", "primary-works:a-package-plan-for-inflation-dr-r-c-cooper-dhirajlal-maganlal-minoo-r-shroff-prof-gangadhar-gadgil-july-1974" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:whither-central-banking-h-v-r-iyengar-december-1972": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/whither-central-banking-h-v-r-iyengar-december-1972.pdf", "primary-works:a-package-plan-for-inflation-dr-r-c-cooper-dhirajlal-maganlal-minoo-r-shroff-prof-gangadhar-gadgil-july-1974": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/a-package-plan-for-inflation-dr-r-c-cooper-dhirajlal-maganlal-minoo-r-shroff-prof-gangadhar-gadgil-july-1974.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Australian", "SEMIBOMBLA" ] }, "rationale": "The 'Australian model' reference sits only in the central-banking speech and the SEMIBOMBLA scheme only in the inflation lecture volume; neither fact substitutes for the other.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0211", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 2012 magazine issue covers a Mumbai riot near a well-known maidan on 11 August, alongside an article proposing solar energy as a remedy for power-grid failures. A separate 1997 lecture on transforming India's civil services envisions bureaucrats and business working together under a single national framework, taking a small Southeast Asian city-state as its model, and argues that regulatory complexity itself functions like a tax paid to intermediaries rather than the government. Who wrote the solar-energy article, and which organisation does the lecture cite as a successful example of deploying government officers on secondment to the private sector?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff543", "primary-works:administrators-managers-and-leadership-by-deepak-parekh-1997" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff543": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-sep1-2012.pdf", "primary-works:administrators-managers-and-leadership-by-deepak-parekh-1997": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/administrators-managers-and-leadership-by-deepak-parekh-1997.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bhide", "IL&FS" ] }, "rationale": "The solar-energy byline appears only in the 2012 issue's table of contents and the IL&FS example only in the 1997 lecture's closing section on lateral entry.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0212", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One human-rights-themed special issue from 1979 quotes a French priest's eyewitness account of a Southeast Asian revolutionary regime's brutality, and cites a Planning Commission estimate of the share of India's rural and urban population living below the poverty line in 1977-78. An earlier 1972 issue of the same periodical reviews a book about a Soviet scientist's forced psychiatric confinement at a named hospital, imposed as punishment for his political dissent. Name the French priest quoted in the 1979 issue, and name the hospital where the Soviet scientist was confined.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff314", "primary-works:ff238" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff314": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jan1-1979.pdf", "primary-works:ff238": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-mar1-1972.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Ponchaud", "Kaluga" ] }, "rationale": "The priest's name is quoted only within the 1979 Cambodia passage and the hospital's name only within the 1972 book review of the Medvedev brothers' account.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "Ponchaud", "Kaluga" ] }, { "id": "il-0213", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 1960 issue includes a review of a book about the Soviet agent who assassinated a prominent exiled revolutionary with an ice-axe in Mexico. A later 1970 issue of the same periodical includes an essay disputing the case for large-scale land redistribution, citing a named economist's conclusion that India has little scope for such 'distributist' land reform. Name the assassin discussed in the 1960 review, and name the economist cited in the 1970 essay.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:ff099", "primary-works:ff220" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff099": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-aug1-1960.pdf", "primary-works:ff220": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-sep1-1970.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Mercader", "Lipton" ] }, "rationale": "The assassin's name is in the 1960 book-review article and the economist's name is in the 1970 land-reform essay; the two issues do not overlap in content.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0214", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "The same commentator on Indian federalism and free enterprise wrote two documents eight years apart. In an earlier 1970 piece, he criticises a bank-nationalisation ordinance and endorses a political party's proposal requiring prior judicial enquiry before any future nationalisation. In a later lecture delivered as a memorial tribute, he identifies a particular general election as the moment that broke India's 'unitary' one-party political pattern. Name the political party whose proposal he endorses in the earlier piece, and give the year of the general election identified as the watershed in the later lecture.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:business-and-public-welfare-v-k-narasimhan-march-9-1970", "primary-works:pluralism---mixed-economy-a-basis-for-centre-state-relations-v-k-narasimhan-february-14-1978" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:business-and-public-welfare-v-k-narasimhan-march-9-1970": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/business-and-public-welfare-v-k-narasimhan-march-9-1970.pdf", "primary-works:pluralism---mixed-economy-a-basis-for-centre-state-relations-v-k-narasimhan-february-14-1978": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/pluralism-&-mixed-economy-a-basis-for-centre-state-relations-v-k-narasimhan-february-14-1978.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Jana Sangh", "1967" ] }, "rationale": "The party endorsement appears only in the earlier bank-nationalisation piece and the watershed election year only in the later memorial lecture, requiring both to be read despite the shared author.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0215", "tier": "B", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One booklet illustrates its argument about 'last mile' governance with a story about an elderly tribal woman's pension, tying her eventual financial inclusion to a specific digital identity and banking initiative known by an acronym. A separate report on a governance-themed national convention, dedicated to the birth centenary of a Liberal Group's founder, includes a position paper that invokes a renowned economist's concept describing the intellectual arrogance behind state planning. Give the acronym for the digital initiative named in the first document, and name the economist whose concept is invoked in the second document's position paper.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:governance-democracy-in-india-r-balasubramanian", "primary-works:report-second-national-convention-mangalore-feburary-18-20-2005-july-2005" ], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:governance-democracy-in-india-r-balasubramanian": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/governance-democracy-in-india-r-balasubramanian.pdf", "primary-works:report-second-national-convention-mangalore-feburary-18-20-2005-july-2005": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/liberals/report-second-national-convention-mangalore-feburary-18-20-2005-july-2005.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "JAM", "Hayek" ] }, "rationale": "The acronym for the digital stack appears only in the Berlin keynote's pension parable and the economist's name only in the convention report's economic-liberalisation position paper.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0216", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A 1958 critique of Indian tax law singled out a piece of legislation rushed through Parliament with its Select Committee given less than a week to report, warning that such haste produced loose drafting and unjust provisions. A separate analysis of India's money-supply growth between 1951 and 1970 identified deficit financing as the principal domestic channel behind the currency's expansion. What was the name of the hastily passed tax act, and what money-supply figure, in crores of rupees, did the analysis record for 1970-71?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:crushing-burden-of-taxation-nani-palkhivala-1958", "primary-works:inflation-in-india-l-g-bapat" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:crushing-burden-of-taxation-nani-palkhivala-1958": [ "p-9dc500" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:inflation-in-india-l-g-bapat": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/inflation-in-india-l-g-bapat.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Gift Tax Act", "6,987" ] }, "rationale": "Only the tax essay's paragraph on rushed legislation names the Gift Tax Act, and only the inflation booklet's money-supply table gives the 1970-71 figure; both are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0217", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One oral history recalls a scholarship student who, after finishing his degree at a university founded by a nationalist educationist, won a further scholarship to study economics in London, where one of his teachers was an Austrian-school economist; he went on to publish one of the first papers by an Indian economist in a refereed international journal. A separate report on a political party's convention held in Bangalore on 1-2 February describes its general secretary's candid admission about the section of Big Business the party depended on for funds. Name the London institution where the student studied economics, and quote the phrase the general secretary used to describe that section of Big Business.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:br-shenoys-early-life-and-association-with-independence-movement", "primary-works:ff142" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:br-shenoys-early-life-and-association-with-independence-movement": [ "p-0d3c77" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff142": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-mar1-1964.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "London School of Economics", "supine and cowardly" ] }, "rationale": "Only the oral history names the London School of Economics as the student's institution, and only this Freedom First issue's convention report quotes 'supine and cowardly' for the party's donor base; both are needed.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "supine and cowardly" ] }, { "id": "il-0218", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One memorial lecture, comparing India's investment in higher education to that of other nations, cited how many researchers per million people India had, against far higher figures in America and Scandinavia. A separate analysis of a specific inflationary crisis reported how much deficit financing the government had run up in just the first three months of a fiscal year, against a far smaller sum budgeted for the entire year. What was India's researchers-per-million figure, and what was the three-month deficit-financing figure, in crores of rupees?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-emerging-scenario-in-education-2", "primary-works:deficit-financing-inflation-and-price-control-k-j-ayaraman-november-14-1973" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-emerging-scenario-in-education-2": [ "p-d34b4c" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:deficit-financing-inflation-and-price-control-k-j-ayaraman-november-14-1973": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/deficit-financing-inflation-and-price-control-k-j-ayaraman-november-14-1973.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "156", "380 crores" ] }, "rationale": "Only the education lecture gives India's 156-per-million research figure, and only the inflation-crisis analysis gives the Rs. 380 crore three-month deficit-financing figure; both are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0219", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One profile describes a 1917 delegation that met with a British official during constitutional-reform negotiations, a delegation whose members later helped secure women's right to vote in a particular Indian city in 1921. A separate 1957 periodical issue carries a report scrutinising a national leader's foreign-policy address delivered at a conference in a northern Indian town. In which city were women first granted the right to vote, per the profile, and in which town was the address examined by the periodical delivered?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:the-resolute-abala-bose", "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-oct1-1957" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:the-resolute-abala-bose": [ "p-6b9b8f" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-oct1-1957": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-oct1-1957.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Madras", "Jammu" ] }, "rationale": "Only the profile's delegation paragraph names Madras as the city of the 1921 vote, and only this periodical issue's report names Jammu as the site of the scrutinised address; both are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0220", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One interviewee recalled that a leading Indian industrialist was ridiculed for founding an institute of higher learning in a decade when detractors said he could not even feed his own people. A separate periodical's 1958 special issue about a re-arrested regional leader recalls that the Prime Minister had, in 1947, installed him straight out of the previous ruler's prison and onto what the piece calls 'the throne of' a particular office. In what decade, as phrased by the interviewee, was the institute founded, and what office's throne did the piece say the leader was installed onto?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:minoo-shroff-on-nehru-welfare-and-indias-promise", "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-feb1-1958" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:minoo-shroff-on-nehru-welfare-and-indias-promise": [ "p-181ece" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-feb1-1958": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-feb1-1958.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "eighteen nineties", "Premiership" ] }, "rationale": "Only the interview phrases the founding decade as 'eighteen nineties', and only this special issue's account uses 'the throne of Premiership' for the 1947 installation; both are needed.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "Premiership" ] }, { "id": "il-0221", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One economist recalled telling a newspaper, in a widely reprinted eight-column interview, that the 'shortest route' between two Indian cities ran through a particular foreign capital -- his way of explaining why he took his reform arguments abroad rather than only to the domestic government. A separate periodical from the same era, reporting on a purge that followed a foreign leader's short-lived call for open criticism, named the official whose report put the number of people investigated at 17.7 lakh. Name the foreign capital in the economist's phrase, and name the official whose report gave that figure.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:d-r-pendse-on-the-1991-crisis", "primary-works:ff070" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:d-r-pendse-on-the-1991-crisis": [ "p-990742" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff070": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-mar1-1958.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Washington", "Lo Jui-ching" ] }, "rationale": "Only the economist's recollection names Washington in the 'shortest route' quote, and only this Freedom First issue's Notes section names Lo Jui-ching's report; both are needed.", "reach": "beyond_tools", "reach_detail": [ "Lo Jui-ching" ] }, { "id": "il-0222", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One 2023 piece about a series of talks on classical liberal ideas notes that the archive hosting them had, by that year, translated texts from four regional languages and reached nearly a certain number of digitized pages. A separate 1957 periodical issue reports that a Communist leader's security forces had liquidated a specific number of people between 1949 and 1954, by the leader's own admission. Name the four regional languages the archive's translated texts come from, and give the number of people the leader admitted his security forces had liquidated.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:indian-liberals-annual-lecture-2023", "primary-works:ff062" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:indian-liberals-annual-lecture-2023": [ "p-96099b" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff062": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-jul1-1957.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Gujarati", "800,000" ] }, "rationale": "Only this piece's paragraph lists Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati and Bengali as the archive's translated languages, and only this Freedom First issue's Mao piece cites the 800,000 liquidation admission; both are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0223", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One essay comparing the fortunes of a political-economic movement in the West against its fortunes in India closes by noting that a Pune-based social-research organisation convened two seminars, with the assistance of a national social-science research body. A separate 1991 periodical issue carries a tribute written on the occasion of a veteran industrialist's retirement as chairman of a major trust group. Name the Pune-based organisation that convened the seminars, and name the group whose chairmanship the tribute's subject was retiring from.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:democratic-socialism-in-india", "primary-works:ff409" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:democratic-socialism-in-india": [ "p-1078b6" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff409": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-apr1-1991.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Samaj Prabodhan Sanstha", "Tata Sons" ] }, "rationale": "Only the essay's closing paragraph names the Samaj Prabodhan Sanstha as convener of the Pune seminars, and only this Freedom First issue's tribute names Tata Sons as the chairmanship being vacated; both are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0224", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One tribute recalls that meeting its subject on a specific date in the mid-1990s reshaped how the narrator judged political leaders ever after. A separate pamphlet reviewing a mid-1960s Union Budget as a verdict on a five-year economic plan reports that industrial growth had slumped from one percentage to another over the plan period. Give the exact date, including the year, that the tribute's narrator met its subject, and give the lower of the two industrial-growth percentages cited in the budget review.", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:why-remember-sharad-joshi", "primary-works:the-economic-implications-of-the-union-budget-for-1966-67-professor-russi-jal-taraporevala-april-20-1966" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:why-remember-sharad-joshi": [ "p-8a4cb8" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-economic-implications-of-the-union-budget-for-1966-67-professor-russi-jal-taraporevala-april-20-1966": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/the-economic-implications-of-the-union-budget-for-1966-67-professor-russi-jal-taraporevala-april-20-1966.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "25 December 1994", "7.5 per cent" ] }, "rationale": "Only the tribute's paragraph gives the 25 December 1994 meeting date, and only the budget pamphlet gives the 11 to 7.5 per cent industrial-growth slump; both are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0225", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One economist recalled that a British think tank devoted to classical liberalism was among the few such venues in England at the time, and that meeting two prominent free-market economists there proved a turning point in his own thinking. He recalled being told by one of those economists, an Austrian-school theorist who had just finished a major work on political philosophy, that his monetarist colleague was 'on the same side politically' but was, in the theorist's own phrase, a certain kind of economist who did not believe in econometrics. A separate 2018 essay describes a national health scheme, discussed in a Union Budget review, that promised medical cover up to a specific rupee amount per family. Complete the theorist's two-word description of his colleague, and give the per-family rupee cover amount for the health scheme.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:deepak-lal-on-f-a-hayek-and-milton-friedman", "primary-works:the-union-budget-2018-19-h-p-ranina-sunil-s-bhandare" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:deepak-lal-on-f-a-hayek-and-milton-friedman": [ "p-d6cdd3" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-union-budget-2018-19-h-p-ranina-sunil-s-bhandare": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/the-union-budget-2018-19-h-p-ranina-sunil-s-bhandare.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "fine tuner", "Rs. 5 lakh" ] }, "rationale": "Only this interview's paragraph quotes the theorist calling his colleague a 'fine tuner', and only the budget essay gives the Rs. 5 lakh per-family health-scheme cover; both are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0227", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A 1952 essay written amid Cold War anxieties responds to a scientist's warning that unlimited population growth threatens the world's food supply, and notes that an international population-planning conference due to meet in Bombay will include a well-known American birth-control pioneer. A later booklet diagnosing the causes of India's rising prices quantifies the country's annual population growth rate as a driver of a nationwide shortage in one staple crop category. Name the birth-control pioneer mentioned as attending the Bombay conference, and state the annual population growth percentage the booklet blames for outpacing food supply.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-universality-of-human-values", "primary-works:the-problem-of-rising-prices-causes-a-s-bhaskar-aug9-1964" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-universality-of-human-values": [ "p-6e500f" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-problem-of-rising-prices-causes-a-s-bhaskar-aug9-1964": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/the-problem-of-rising-prices-causes-a-s-bhaskar-aug9-1964.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Sanger", "2.3 per cent" ] }, "rationale": "The 1952 essay names Margaret Sanger as a coming Bombay conference participant, and the 1964 pamphlet gives 2.3 per cent as the population growth rate behind the price crisis; both figures are unique to their respective sources.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0228", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A 2020 talk about how Hindi cinema moved away from valorising collective self-sacrifice cites a 1950s–60s film in which the mother-heroine kills her own son to preserve her village's honour, contrasting this with the individualism of later decades' films. A Marathi farmers' movement's fortnightly periodical, in an issue from the very end of 1995, prints a leader's speech delivered soon after an electoral defeat, insisting the movement's real aim was never political power. Name the film with the self-sacrificing mother, and give the specific date and place where the leader delivered that speech.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:bollywoods-transition-from-socialism-to-liberal-ideas", "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-dec-28-1995" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:bollywoods-transition-from-socialism-to-liberal-ideas": [ "p-80d610" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-dec-28-1995": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/shetkari-sanghatak/shetkari-sanghatak-dec-28-1995.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Mother India", "Narkhed", "12 December 1995" ] }, "rationale": "The talk names Mother India as the self-sacrifice example, and the periodical's summary gives the exact date and place (Narkhed, 12 December 1995) of the speech, unique to each source.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0229", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A musing quotes a Southeast Asian nation's first prime minister recalling how, as independence approached, he personally persuaded a communist insurgent commander to end his armed struggle, later concluding from that conversation that communism would tolerate no rival ideology. A separate booklet compiling three student essays on land policy argues that a communist power's collectivisation of agriculture succeeded only through coercion tied to industrial labour demands, drawing a parallel with a Balkan country's abandonment of collective farming once output fell. Name the insurgent commander the prime minister says he persuaded to end the armed struggle, and name the Balkan country whose retreat from collective farming is cited as a parallel.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:war-between-opposing-ideologies", "primary-works:cooperative-farming-sree-rama-murthy-jul5-1960" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:war-between-opposing-ideologies": [ "p-c91034" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:cooperative-farming-sree-rama-murthy-jul5-1960": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/cooperative-farming-sree-rama-murthy-jul5-1960.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Chin Peng", "Yugoslavia" ] }, "rationale": "The musing names Chin Peng as the communist leader persuaded to stand down, and the essay booklet names Yugoslavia's retreat from collective farming as the parallel case; each fact is unique to its source.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0231", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One organisation founded in Mumbai in 1956 to make the case for private enterprise to the Indian public has, according to its profile, produced one of the largest single bodies of primary works in the Indian classical-liberal tradition; its General Secretary held that post for two decades. A 1963 pamphlet the organisation published diagnoses a new form of corruption that, in a proverb attributed to one nationality, 'rots from head downwards.' Name the person who held the General Secretary post for two decades, and give the nationality of the proverb used to describe this new corruption.", "expected": { "docs": [ "organisations:forum-of-free-enterprise", "primary-works:economy-and-efficiency-in-public-administration-in-india-c-s-venkatachar-may-8-1963" ], "paragraph_ids": { "organisations:forum-of-free-enterprise": [ "p-7fbcfc" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:economy-and-efficiency-in-public-administration-in-india-c-s-venkatachar-may-8-1963": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/economy-and-efficiency-in-public-administration-in-india-c-s-venkatachar-may-8-1963.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "M. R. Pai", "Turkish" ] }, "rationale": "The organisation's profile names M. R. Pai as General Secretary 1956–76, and the pamphlet it published uses a Turkish proverb for the new corruption; the pamphlet is itself a work of the profiled organisation.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0232", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A 1971 lecture excerpt defending a fundamental right — before it would later be downgraded from Fundamental Right status — quotes a Renaissance political theorist's observation about what men would sooner forgive than the loss of their property. A 1995 election manifesto for a fledgling farmers' party, printed in a farmers' movement periodical ahead of that year's state assembly election, lists the restoration of this same right to farmers as a core plank of its reform programme. Name the Renaissance theorist quoted in the 1971 lecture, and name the party whose manifesto calls for restoring this right to farmers.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:constitution-and-the-common-man", "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-jan-21-1995" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:constitution-and-the-common-man": [ "p-d8468f" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:shetkari-sanghatak-jan-21-1995": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/shetkari-sanghatak/shetkari-sanghatak-jan-21-1995.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Machiavelli", "Swatantra Bharat Paksha" ] }, "rationale": "The 1971 lecture quotes Machiavelli on property confiscation, and the 1995 periodical's manifesto for Swatantra Bharat Paksha lists property-rights restoration for farmers as a plank; both facts are unique to their sources.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0233", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "An essay reflecting on Indian liberalism's fortunes describes a newer liberal party's 1994 debut in Maharashtra's state Assembly elections, where it polled over a million votes but won only two seats. A separate 1969 memorial lecture illustrates genuine economic statesmanship by contrasting a British Prime Minister who 'promised everything and gave nothing' with his wartime successor who promised only blood, toil, tears and sweat. Name the newer liberal party described in the essay, and name the earlier British Prime Minister described as having 'promised everything and gave nothing.'", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:indian-liberalism-vedanta-nehruvian-socialism", "primary-works:the-need-for-economic-statesmanship-s-l-kirloskar-december-10-1969" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:indian-liberalism-vedanta-nehruvian-socialism": [ "p-66277b" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-need-for-economic-statesmanship-s-l-kirloskar-december-10-1969": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/the-need-for-economic-statesmanship-s-l-kirloskar-december-10-1969.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Swatantra Bharat", "Neville Chamberlain" ] }, "rationale": "The essay names Swatantra Bharat as the 1994 party that won two seats, and the memorial lecture names Neville Chamberlain as the leader who 'promised everything and gave nothing'; both facts are unique to their sources.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0234", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A retrospective interview recalls a think tank founder's memory of an early talk to a newspaper's editorial team, where a senior staffer's first question was about which intelligence agency was funding him — a suspicion the founder says was popularised by a national leader's rhetoric about a 'foreign hand.' A separate 1970 booklet, the text of a lecture delivered by a sitting Member of Parliament shortly after his two-year term chairing a specific parliamentary financial committee, opens by invoking the old maxim 'no taxation without representation.' Name the intelligence agency the staffer asked about, and name the parliamentary committee the speaker had chaired.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:centre-for-civil-society-a-journey-in-time", "primary-works:public-accountability-m-r-masani-m-p-february-10-1970" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:centre-for-civil-society-a-journey-in-time": [ "p-fa3d2c" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:public-accountability-m-r-masani-m-p-february-10-1970": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/public-accountability-m-r-masani-m-p-february-10-1970.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Public Accounts Committee" ] }, "rationale": "The interview recounts the 'how much is CIA paying you?' question, and the booklet's summary states the speaker's two-year chairmanship of the Public Accounts Committee; both facts are unique to their sources.", "reach": "via_tools", "repairs": [ "dropped 1 answer_must_contain string(s) already present in the question: 'CIA'" ] }, { "id": "il-0235", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A ThePrint-mirrored essay on the constitutional imposition of Hindi as India's official language recounts a near-tied Constituent Assembly vote, quoting the Drafting Committee chairman's own book for the exact tally. A 1973 magazine's lead editorial, warning that the government was drifting toward a particular ideological character, sets out an alternative reform programme in response. Name the book quoted for the Constituent Assembly's tally on the Hindi question, and give the ideological label — quoted in the original — that the editorial uses for the government's drift.", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:hindi-imposition-constitution", "primary-works:ff252" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:hindi-imposition-constitution": [ "p-5f340b" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff252": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-may1-1973.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Thoughts On Linguistic States", "monopolist and Marxist" ] }, "rationale": "The essay quotes Ambedkar's book Thoughts On Linguistic States for the 77–78 tally, and the 1973 issue's editorial warns of a 'monopolist and Marxist' drift; both phrases are unique to their sources.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0238", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One essay on democracy quotes a nineteenth-century Italian political theorist's warning that a society stops being democratic once government becomes the sole employer and landlord, leaving no independent social force able to oppose it. A speech given at a business-advocacy body's Silver Jubilee argues that all so-called economic controls are, in truth, only ever controls on people rather than on goods, since goods themselves have no preferences. Name the Italian theorist quoted in the first piece, and the international trade body whose immediate past presidency the speaker in the second piece had just held.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:the-essence-of-democracy-3", "primary-works:free-market-economy-key-to-economic-progress-and-freedoms-by-ma-rangoonwala-1982" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:the-essence-of-democracy-3": [ "p-cc9c30" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:free-market-economy-key-to-economic-progress-and-freedoms-by-ma-rangoonwala-1982": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/free-market-economy-key-to-economic-progress-and-freedoms-by-ma-rangoonwala-1982.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Croce", "International Chamber of Commerce" ] }, "rationale": "The Croce reference is unique to this essay's paragraph on autonomous social forces; the ICC presidency detail is unique to the Rangoonwala speech's introduction, so the answer needs both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0239", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A nineteenth-century Bengal social reformer, remembered as an early defender of press freedom, submitted a formal memorial to the Governor-General protesting a licensing ordinance imposed on Indian-language newspapers — in what year did he submit it? Separately, an unsigned notes section in a Cold War-era periodical issue from 1955 criticises a newly proposed government body for publishing books, warning that it risks something specific at the expense of private publishers — what does the note say it risks?", "expected": { "docs": [ "thinkers:raja-ram-mohan-roy", "primary-works:ff042" ], "paragraph_ids": { "thinkers:raja-ram-mohan-roy": [ "p-8a3f72" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff042": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-nov1-1955.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "1823", "political favouritism" ] }, "rationale": "The 1823 memorial date is specific to the thinker's biography paragraph, and the National Book Trust warning is specific to that 1955 issue's notes section; neither fact substitutes for the other.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0241", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A parliamentarian associated with a market-oriented opposition party, jailed after the 1975 Emergency, wrote a book on democracy during his prison term and later hoped to launch a grassroots political movement built on booth-level volunteer service — what name did he give the proposed movement? Separately, a June 1977 compilation pamphlet on India's economic direction summarises a monetarist scheme for capping inflation, built around a constitutional cap on money-supply growth and known by its own acronym — what is that acronym?", "expected": { "docs": [ "opinions:piloo-mody-swatantra-witty-parliamentarian", "primary-works:fresh-thinking-on-planning-and-prices-june-14-1977" ], "paragraph_ids": { "opinions:piloo-mody-swatantra-witty-parliamentarian": [ "p-a3c5bd" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:fresh-thinking-on-planning-and-prices-june-14-1977": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/fresh-thinking-on-planning-and-prices-june-14-1977.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Nav Nirman", "FULLMANGAL" ] }, "rationale": "\"Nav Nirman\" names the movement described only in the profile's closing paragraph; \"FULLMANGAL\" names the anti-inflation scheme summarised only in the pamphlet, so both sources are required.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0242", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A young woman in nineteenth-century Bombay refused to live with the husband to whom she had been married as a child, prompting a court case that sought to force her back to him — name the husband. She later trained as a doctor at which named university? Separately, a periodical issue from September 1971 carries an open letter, from a former Indian Ambassador to the United States, accusing American arms support for a regional crackdown of amounting to what serious crime?", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:rukhmabai-an-unrelenting-force-against-patriarchy-indian-liberals", "primary-works:ff232" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:rukhmabai-an-unrelenting-force-against-patriarchy-indian-liberals": [ "p-af3bc5" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff232": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-sep1-1971.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Bikaji", "University of London", "genocide" ] }, "rationale": "The husband's name and the London medical degree come only from the transcript's biographical paragraph; the genocide accusation is unique to G. L. Mehta's open letter in that 1971 issue, so both sources are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0243", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A 1957 presidential address to an employers' federation recounts the government's takeover, by executive order, of the internal trade in one particular commodity — which commodity? The same address closes by quoting a maxim on the limits of legitimate government from which American president? Separately, a constitutional-law pamphlet on property rights anchors its argument in a real compensation case involving a named company under a 1953 West Bengal land-acquisition law — name the company.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:homi-mody-free-enterprise-foreign-exchange", "primary-works:compensation-or-expropriation-by-dr-rustom-c-cooper" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:homi-mody-free-enterprise-foreign-exchange": [ "p-5a1890", "p-8948dd" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:compensation-or-expropriation-by-dr-rustom-c-cooper": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/compensation-or-expropriation-by-dr-rustom-c-cooper.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "cement", "Lincoln", "Port Canning" ] }, "rationale": "The cement takeover and Lincoln attribution are unique to the 1957 address's two paragraphs; the Port Canning case is unique to the pamphlet's worked example, so the full answer requires both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0244", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "An interviewee recalls that a noted business journalist attended the first of a series of early-1990s conferences near Nashik, organised to shape an alternative liberal budget — name that journalist (surname is sufficient). Separately, a 2012 book making an absolutist case for free speech treats a 1988 ban on a controversial novel as the watershed moment that emboldened religious hardliners in India — name the novel.", "expected": { "docs": [ "primary-works:sunil-bhandare-on-private-enterprise-post-1991-reforms", "primary-works:at-liberty-to-express-and-offend" ], "paragraph_ids": { "primary-works:sunil-bhandare-on-private-enterprise-post-1991-reforms": [ "p-bb4cd4" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:at-liberty-to-express-and-offend": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/other-publications/at-liberty-to-express-and-offend.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Ninan", "Satanic Verses" ] }, "rationale": "The journalist's name is mentioned only in the interview transcript's paragraph on the Nashik conference; the novel is named only in the free-speech book's summary, so both sources are required.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0245", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "A piece on reforming the bureaucracy recalls that it began as an address to an international seminar held in a particular Indian coastal state, and proposes a 'sunset law' capping how long any government department may run before requiring fresh legislative approval — name the state, and the length of that cap. Separately, a 1979 lecture on market economies argues that hostility to markets in the Third World is partly propagated through international bodies, and lists several United Nations agencies by their acronyms — name one of the acronyms it lists.", "expected": { "docs": [ "theprint-mirror:indian-bureaucracy-incentives-rewards", "primary-works:market-by-the-dock-by-pt-bauer-january-1981" ], "paragraph_ids": { "theprint-mirror:indian-bureaucracy-incentives-rewards": [ "p-ec446c", "p-4e614f" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:market-by-the-dock-by-pt-bauer-january-1981": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/market-by-the-dock-by-pt-bauer-january-1981.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Goa", "ten years", "ECAFE" ] }, "rationale": "Goa and the ten-year sunset cap come only from the bureaucracy piece's origin note and rule paragraph; ECAFE is one of the UN agencies named only in the Bauer lecture's summary, so both sources are needed.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0246", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One text reproduces a Lok Sabha speech that leans on a landmark Supreme Court judgement to argue that Parliament cannot touch a specific part of the Constitution. Another text is a magazine's contemporary notes column praising a later Supreme Court ruling that struck down government restrictions on newspapers. Which part of the Constitution did the 1967 judgement place beyond Parliament's reach, and which advocate does the notes column credit with winning the newspaper case?", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:fundamental-rights-protection-against-tyranny", "primary-works:ff247" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:fundamental-rights-protection-against-tyranny": [ "p-0512c4" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:ff247": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/freedom-first/freedom-first-dec1-1972.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Part III", "Palkhivala" ] }, "rationale": "The speech's paragraph names Part III as the shielded portion of the Constitution, and only the Freedom First notes column credits Palkhivala for the newsprint-policy victory; a full answer needs both.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0247", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One profile records its subject taking a brief hiatus from his career in the late 1940s to become India's first ambassador to a large South American country. A separate pamphlet on regional-development policy abroad names that same country's federal agency and development bank set up to combat backwardness in its poorer regions. Name the agency and the bank the pamphlet credits, and give the two years during which the profiled figure served as that country's ambassador.", "expected": { "docs": [ "thinkers:minoo-masani", "primary-works:economic-development-of-backward-areas-d-r-pendse-september-14-1976" ], "paragraph_ids": { "thinkers:minoo-masani": [ "p-04e457" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:economic-development-of-backward-areas-d-r-pendse-september-14-1976": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/economic-development-of-backward-areas-d-r-pendse-september-14-1976.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "SUDENE", "Banco do Nordeste", "1948" ] }, "rationale": "Only the profile identifies Brazil and the 1948-1949 posting; only the pamphlet's comparative survey, among several countries, names SUDENE and the Banco do Nordeste as Brazil's mechanism.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0248", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "In one text, the head of an international lender moderates a heated exchange between a government minister and a foreign bank's chief executive over whether well-designed policy is, by itself, enough to attract infrastructure investment. In a separate anthology of pro-market essays, a Soviet-era statistic is cited showing that a tiny share of privately held farmland produced a full third of the country's total agricultural output. Name the international lender the moderator heads, and give the percentage of Soviet cultivated land that was privately held according to that statistic.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:piyush-vs-piyush-beautiful-policies-are-not-enough", "primary-works:essays-by-foreign-economists-august-1971" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:piyush-vs-piyush-beautiful-policies-are-not-enough": [ "p-d4a0d4" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:essays-by-foreign-economists-august-1971": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/forum-of-free-enterprise/essays-by-foreign-economists-august-1971.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank", "three percent" ] }, "rationale": "Only the AIIB panel account names the lender the moderator heads; only the essay anthology's Soviet statistic gives the three-percent figure — neither source alone answers both parts.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0249", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One text names a car whose styling barely changed across 40 years of Indian production, citing it as the textbook case of an 'infant industry' that never grew up under import protection. A separate magazine's editorial, published soon after a border war with a large neighbour, mourns the collapse of a Hindi-language phrase that had proclaimed brotherhood with that neighbour. Name the car and the British model it was based on, and give the Hindi phrase the editorial mourns.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:india-seeing-the-future-in-its-past", "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jan1-1963" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:india-seeing-the-future-in-its-past": [ "p-1712d9" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jan1-1963": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-jan1-1963.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Oxford Morris", "Hindi-Chini-bhai-bhai" ] }, "rationale": "The car and its Oxford Morris origin appear only in the reform-history speech; the mourned brotherhood phrase appears only in the 1963 periodical's editorial on the China war's aftermath.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-0250", "tier": "mixed", "retrieval": "blind", "shape": "multi", "question": "One text criticises Indian policy-makers for only ever learning from their own past learning, illustrating the point with a specific book review, published in a financial daily on a specific date, of a planning economist's book. A separate, older periodical issue is dominated by the collapse of a five-principles doctrine of peaceful coexistence with a northern neighbour, following a Himalayan ruler's flight into India. Name the book under review and the exact date the review appeared, and name the doctrine that collapsed.", "expected": { "docs": [ "musings:obstacles-to-liberalisation-and-market-economy", "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jun1-1959" ], "paragraph_ids": { "musings:obstacles-to-liberalisation-and-market-economy": [ "p-4776bf" ] }, "pdf_urls": { "primary-works:the-indian-libertarian-jun1-1959": "https://archive.indianliberals.in/the-indian-libertarian/the-indian-libertarian-jun1-1959.pdf" }, "answer_must_contain": [ "Development Planning", "11th January 1988", "Panchsheela" ] }, "rationale": "The book title and review date come only from the 1992 liberalisation keynote; the doctrine's name comes only from the 1959 periodical's Tibet-crisis coverage.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-001", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1921? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1921 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1921, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-002", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1924? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1924 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1924, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-003", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1925? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1925 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1925, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-004", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1926? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1926 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1926, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-005", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1927? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1927 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1927, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-006", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1929? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1929 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1929, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-007", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1931? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1931 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1931, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-008", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1932? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1932 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1932, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-009", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1934? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1934 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1934, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-010", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1935? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1935 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1935, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-011", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1936? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1936 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1936, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-012", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1938? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1938 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1938, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-013", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1943? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1943 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1943, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-014", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1944? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1944 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1944, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-015", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1945? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1945 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1945, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-016", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1946? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1946 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1946, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-017", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1947? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1947 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1947, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" }, { "id": "il-abs-018", "tier": "none", "retrieval": "named", "shape": "abstention", "question": "What does the Indian Liberals archive hold that was published in 1951? Give me the works and what they argue.", "expected": { "docs": [], "paragraph_ids": {}, "pdf_urls": {}, "answer_must_contain": [], "must_abstain": true, "absent": { "year": 1951 } }, "rationale": "No work in the archive carries publication.year 1951, though the corpus spans 1850 to 2026. The question presumes there is something from that year; the only correct answer says there is not.", "reach": "via_tools" } ] }